Use of Photoplethysmography to Determine Gastrointestinal Perfusion Pressure: An Experimental Canine Model

García‐Granero, Eduardo; García, Santiago; Alós, Rafael; Calvete, Julio; Flor-Lorente, Blas; Willatt, Jonathon M.; Lledó, Salvador

doi:10.1159/000070389

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…37 Intestinal ischemia and GI perfusion pressure was also experimentally measured in canine model using PPG. 5,21 It was also stated that the peripheral blood flow dynamics changes due to change in blood supply to the smooth muscles of the stomach during digestion. 20,57 Wavelet analysis of blood flow signal measured by PPG and laser Doppler flow meter was studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Non-Invasive Measurement of Gastric Motility from Finger Photoplethysmographic Signal

2010

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This article investigates the possibility of extracting gastric motility (GM) information from finger photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals non-invasively. Now-a-days measuring GM is a challenging task because of invasive and complicated clinical procedures involved. It is well-known that the PPG signal acquired from finger consists of information related to heart rate and respiratory rate. This thread is taken further and effort has been put here to find whether it is possible to extract GM information from finger PPG in an easier way and without discomfort to the patients. Finger PPG and GM (measured using Electrogastrogram, EGG) signals were acquired simultaneously at the rate of 100 Hz from eight healthy subjects for 30 min duration in fasting and postprandial states. In this study, we process the finger PPG signal and extract a slow wave that is analogous to actual EGG signal. To this end, we chose two advanced signal processing approaches: first, we perform discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to separate the different components, since PPG and EGG signals are non-stationary in nature. Second, in the frequency domain, we perform cross-spectral and coherence analysis using autoregressive (AR) spectral estimation method in order to compare the spectral details of recorded PPG and EGG signals. In DWT, a lower frequency oscillation (≈0.05 Hz) called slow wave was extracted from PPG signal which looks similar to the slow wave of GM in both shape and frequency in the range (0-0.1953) Hz. Comparison of these two slow wave signals was done by normalized cross-correlation technique. Cross-correlation values are found to be high (range 0.68-0.82, SD 0.12, R = 1.0 indicates exact agreement, p < 0.05) for all subjects and there is no significant difference in cross-correlation between fasting and postprandial states. The coherence analysis results demonstrate that a moderate coherence (range 0.5-0.7, SD 0.13, p < 0.05) exists between EGG and PPG signal in the "slow wave" frequency band, without any significant change in the level of coherence in postprandial state. These results indicate that finger PPG signal contains GM-related information. The findings are sufficiently encouraging to motivate further exploration of finger PPG as a non-invasive source of GM-related information.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Non-Invasive Measurement of Gastric Motility from Finger Photoplethysmographic Signal

2010

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“…In humans, PPG is a widespread monitoring tool for measuring pulse rate (PR), blood saturation (SpO2) 5 , and, alternatively, blood pressure, cardiac output, and respiration rate, and for detecting various vascular diseases and assessing regional anesthesia efficiency [6][7][8] . In animals, PPG enabled monitoring of pulse rate and blood saturation, controlling health, perfusion, and blood pressure, and detecting respiratory disease [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . *blaz.cugmas@lu.lv; http://www.asi.lu.lv/ The PPG signal varies significantly among measurement sites due to differences in the cutaneous blood supply 17,18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of an inexperienced operator on photoplethysmogram for bovine heat detection

Plavšic¹,

Mavrič²,

Štruc³

et al. 2023

Optical Diagnostics and Sensing XXIII: Toward Point-of-Care Diagnostics

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An essential part of efficient herd reproduction management is the prompt insemination of fertile cows after successfully noticing bovine heat. Signs of heat demonstrate that an animal is in estrus, ready to be inseminated. An affordable technique for heat detection is photoplethysmography (PPG, pulse oximetry), which can quantify changes in vulvar blood circulation (swelling and erythema). Previously, only experienced operators applied PPG devices. In this study, an inexperienced user clinically tested PPG for heat detection in nine cows. The analysis focused on the signal baseline (DC component), power, and kurtosis between 0.7 and 3 Hz. Compared to the experienced, inexperienced operator's PPG signal variability significantly increased. The green PPG signal baseline's range (a difference between the 25th and 75th percentile) almost tripled. Furthermore, variability in signal power increased between 6.9 and 13.1 times, indicating several operator-introduced oscillations. The results showed that inexperienced PPG operator retrieves more variable PPG signals than professionals, indicating a need for consistent device handling. The potential changes could include a pressure sensor or a clamp, guaranteeing constant pressure between the PPG sensor and the vaginal wall.

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“…As in humans, PPG enables pulse rate (PR) and blood saturation (SpO2) monitoring in small animals like dogs and cats 12 . There were also some studies on controlling health, perfusion, and blood pressure [13][14][15] . In cows and other farm animals, a pulse oximeter is often a part of extensive wearable sensor systems for (remote) health monitoring [16][17][18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoplethysmography for bovine heat detection: the preliminary results

Cugmas

Plavšić²,

Štruc³

et al. 2020

Optical Diagnostics and Sensing XX: Toward Point-of-Care Diagnostics

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In this study, we applied photoplethysmography (PPG) as an alternative, convenient, and affordable method for bovine heat detection. Heat detection is an essential part of effective herd reproduction management. Currently, there are many different heat detection techniques, but they can be ineffective or impractical to use. Since heat affects local vulvar blood circulation (resulting in swelling and erythema), photoplethysmography could represent an affordable alternative to detect this bovine phenomenon. In this study, we enrolled 20 animals in heat and other stages of the bovine reproduction cycle. We analyzed the PPG signal in terms of baseline (DC component), power, kurtosis, and erythema index. One vaginal measurement site, approximately 8 cm from the vulva, exhibited significant differences in mucous color (PPG green and red baseline, both erythema indices). What is more, cows in heat displayed higher PPG signal power and kurtosis, but differences were not significant. Photoplethysmography exhibited the potential to detect bovine heat.

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Use of Photoplethysmography to Determine Gastrointestinal Perfusion Pressure: An Experimental Canine Model

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

On Non-Invasive Measurement of Gastric Motility from Finger Photoplethysmographic Signal

On Non-Invasive Measurement of Gastric Motility from Finger Photoplethysmographic Signal

Impact of an inexperienced operator on photoplethysmogram for bovine heat detection

Photoplethysmography for bovine heat detection: the preliminary results

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