Use of phytochemomics to evaluate the bioavailability and bioactivity of antioxidant peptides of soybean β‐conglycinin

Abstract

This research investigates how in vitro digestion contributes to the release of antioxidant peptides crypted in soybean β-conglycinin (7S) and its deglycosylated form (D7S). It also investigates the uptake of the bioactive peptides by human intestinal Caco-2 cells using a bicameral system, and their effect on the antioxidant cell defense. Phytochemomics is used as a tool for achieving this goal. The peptides are obtained by mimicking human physiological gastrointestinal digestion conditions. The antioxidant capacity of the peptides is tested by ABTS•(+) radical cation decolorization (2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS)) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays. The antioxidant power of the peptides recovered from the basolateral chamber is also evaluated by an analysis of biomarkers of cellular oxidative stress such as cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase, and secretion of nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Peptides from D7S were more active than those of 7S in the modulation of the cell proliferation, oxidative status and differentiation of Caco-2 cells treated with H2 O2 . Differences in the bioactivity of the peptides of both proteins can be explained by analysis of the structural data obtained by mass spectrophotometry. Our findings support the bioavailability of antioxidant peptides of 7S. The antioxidant properties of 7S soy protein were influenced by events such as glycosylation, digestion, and absorption. Deglycosylation seems to be an innovative strategy for improving the properties of 7S. Deglycosylation might enhance 7S antioxidant power and reduce its immunoreactivity. The combined use of advanced analytical techniques and biochemical analyses (phytochemomics) has been a key part of this study.

Identification of potential bioactive peptides generated by simulated gastrointestinal digestion of soybean seeds and soy milk proteins

“…Chen et al (1995) reported that this is a peptide with significant antioxidative activity, attributed to the presence of His residues in the amino acid sequence (Uchida & Kawakishi, 1992), especially the LLPHH sequence. This peptide was also identified in a recent study about the release of antioxidant peptides from beta-conglycinin (Amigo-Benavent et al, 2014), in which BIOPEP was also employed to look for bioactive peptide sequences.…”

Impact of whey protein concentrate on proteolytic lactic cultures for the production of isoflavones during fermentation of soy milk

“…Soy and its fermented products contribute lot of health benefits like anticholesterolaemic, hormonal disorders, antioxidative, and antitumor activities (Messina, Persky, Setchell, & Barnes, ). Several reports had suggested that the peptide content of soy‐fermented products is greater than that of unfermented soybeans (Amigo‐Benavent et al, ; Capriotti et al, ; Okamoto et al, ; Singh, Vij, & Hati, ). Another important biomolecule of soy, i.e., soy isoflavones have received extensive attention.…”

The protective role of the Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor in soybean lunasin digestion: the effect of released peptides on colon cancer growth

“…Moreover, lunasin has been shown to restrain the oxidative status caused by chemical agents in both intestinal Caco-2 and hepatic HepG2 cells, and to inhibit inflammation in cultured RAW 264.7 macrophages. [11][12][13][14][15] Park et al 16 reported that isolated lunasin, either synthetic or soybean-purified, is easily digested after 2 min incubation with simulated gastric or intestinal fluids. 3 Food-derived peptides are expected to exhibit their health beneficial properties after being orally taken.…”