Use of Pipeline Wave Propagation Model for Measuring Unsteady Flow Rate

Johnston, Nigel; Pan, Min; Kudzma, Sylwester; Wang, Pengfei

doi:10.1115/1.4026106

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This may cause inaccurate flowrate estimation, easily resulting in system instability. An alternative technique for estimating the unsteady flowrate is using a wave propagation model (Johnston and Pan, 2010) which has no restriction on the bandwidth and transducer spacing. Unsteady friction is also considered.…”

Section: Fluid-filled Pipementioning

confidence: 99%

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Active control of pressure pulsation in a switched inertance hydraulic system

Pan

Johnston

Hillis

2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I:

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The nature of digital hydraulic systems may cause pressure pulsation problems. For example, switched inertance hydraulic systems (SIHS), which are applied to adjust or control flow and pressure by a means that does not rely on dissipation of power, have noise problems due to the pulsed nature of the flow. An effective method to reduce the pulsation is important to improve system performance and increase efficiency. Although passive systems to reduce the noise have been shown to be effective in many situations, their attenuation frequency range is limited and they may be bulky. Furthermore, attenuation devices based on expansion chambers, accumulators or hoses are likely to be unsuitable for SIHS as they add compliance to the system and would impair the dynamic response. This thesis is concerned with issues relating to the development of an active noise canceller for attenuating the pressure pulsation which is caused primarily by pulsed flow from high-speed valves in SIHS.Active control methods are widely and successfully applied in the area of structureborne noise (SBN) and air-borne noise (ABN) cancellation. The idea is using the intentional superposition of waves to create a destructive interference pattern such that a reduction of the unwanted noise occurs. However, applications for fluid-borne noise (FBN) attenuation based on the 'Active noise control (ANC) principle' are rare due to the restriction of the hardware and experimental apparatus in previous researches.In this thesis, an adaptive controller has been developed for active control of pressure pulsation in hydraulic system. The principle of the adaptive LMS filter and details of the controller design are described and the implementation was carried out through simulation. The designed controller was applied on a vibration test rig initially prior to the hydraulic testing in order to investigate its advantages and limitations in practice.Extensive testing on a switched inertance hydraulic rig proved that the controller, which used a piezoelectric valve with fast response and good bandwidth, is effective and that it has several advantages over previous methods, being effective for low frequency cancellation, with a quick response, and is robust and versatile. II A novel method for the accurate measurement of unsteady flowrate in a pipe was proposed. This was applied and validated on a pipe, and was shown to give good results. This method solves the difficulty for measuring the unsteady flowrate currently by using easy-measured signals, such as pressures. It can be used widely for predicting the unsteady flowrate along the pipe. III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Section: Fluid-filled Pipementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A novel method was proposed by Johnston and Pan (2010) to estimate the unsteady flowrate based on the wave propagation model using measured pressures as boundary conditions (Appendix 3). The estimation of dynamic flowrate is significant for the theoretical analysis of pipe system and practical applications.…”

Section: Unsteady Flowrate Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active control of pressure pulsation in a switched inertance hydraulic system

Pan

Johnston

Hillis

2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I:

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“…Johnston and Edge 5 included frictional effects and extended the method to work with unequally spaced transducers. This is beneficial as some methods for measurement of flow ripple, impedance and transfer matrices 1,6–9 also require three unequally spaced pressure transducers, to avoid ill-conditioned equations when the transducers are spaced a multiple of a half-wavelength apart. Johnston and Edge’s method was adopted as one of two alternatives in ISO 15086-2:2000, 10 in which it is recommended to use ‘at any time when the speed of sound is to be measured under the effective working conditions in a system’, as it is well suited for in situ use under normal working flow and pressure conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-precision in situ measurement of speed of sound in hydraulic systems

Johnston

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I:

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An existing ISO standard frequency-domain method for measurement of speed of sound in a hydraulic pipeline is enhanced and extended in this article to include in situ measurement of pressure transducer calibration factors. Transducer mounting stresses are shown to cause variations in the calibration factors, and the proposed method can be used to eliminate these uncertainties, consequently improving the accuracy of the speed of sound. 95% confidence ranges in the speed of sound of less than ±0.1% have been achieved, and such high precision cannot be achieved by other practical methods. The method can also been extended to estimate viscosity and mean flow velocity, but accuracy is less good. Novel time-domain versions of the method are introduced. These may be valuable for real-time monitoring, and changes in speed of sound or calibration factor can be tracked with minimal delay. Some examples showing the effect of sudden aeration are presented; a sudden drop in speed of sound is apparent.

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“…Tijsseling et al [2][3][4][5] adopted MOC methods to investigate water hammer phenomenon in liquidfilled pipe systems and the axial vibration of liquid-filled pipes caused by fluid-structure interactions (FSI). Johnston et al [6] introduced a mechanical damping-based conceptual transient model that considered the mechanical damping caused by the interaction of pipes and joints with surrounding soils. Xu and Jiao [7] proposed an improved MOC method using time-line interpolation rather than a recursive algorithm to speed-up the calculation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multidimensional and Multiscale Model for Pressure Analysis in a Reservoir-Pipe-Valve System

Zheng

Song

2018

Volume 5: High-Pressure Technology; ASME Nondestructive Evaluation, Diagnosis and Prognosis Division (NDPD); Rudy Scavuzzo Stud

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Reservoir-pipe-valve (RPV) systems are widely used in many industrial process. The pressure in an RPV system plays an important role in the safe operation of the system, especially during the sudden operation such as rapid valve opening/closing. To investigate the pressure especially the pressure fluctuation in an RPV system, a multidimensional and multiscale model combining the method of characteristics (MOC) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is proposed. In the model, the reservoir is modeled by a zero-dimensional virtual point, the pipe is modeled by a one-dimensional MOC, and the valve is modeled by a three-dimensional CFD model. An interface model is used to connect the multidimensional and multiscale model. Based on the model, a transient simulation of the turbulent flow in an RPV system is conducted, in which not only the pressure fluctuation in the pipe but also the detailed pressure distribution in the valve are obtained. The results show that the proposed model is in good agreement with the full CFD model in both large-scale and small-scale spaces. Moreover, the proposed model is more computationally efficient than the CFD model, which provides a feasibility in the analysis of complex RPV system within an affordable computational time.

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Use of Pipeline Wave Propagation Model for Measuring Unsteady Flow Rate

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Active control of pressure pulsation in a switched inertance hydraulic system

Active control of pressure pulsation in a switched inertance hydraulic system

High-precision in situ measurement of speed of sound in hydraulic systems

A Multidimensional and Multiscale Model for Pressure Analysis in a Reservoir-Pipe-Valve System

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