Use of Plastics with Hot Food among Saudi Pregnant Women Is Associated with Increased Concentrations of A1C, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, and Homocysteine and Decreased Concentrations of Vitamins and Minerals

Alharbi, Mudi H.; Mumena, Walaa A.; Hammouda, Sahar A. Ibrahim

doi:10.3390/nu12092609

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Regarding practice assessment items, approximately 76.5% of our study participants used plastic containers for hot foods or drinks with variable frequency. Similarly, Alharbi et al ( 25 ), in their study that involved Saudi pregnant women, observed that almost 70% of the participants reheat or buy hot food in plastic containers. Additionally, we found that more than 90% of our study participants reused plastic bottles for saving and drinking water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Plastic use for food and drinks and related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among a sample of Egyptians

Hassan,

El Desouky,

Salem

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionPlastic is extensively used in everyday life, particularly for food and beverage containers. The inappropriate use of these containers may lead to the leaching of various chemicals from plastic, such as bisphenol A, phthalate, and styrene, which cause numerous adverse health effects. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward using plastic for food and drinks among a sample of the Egyptian population.Materials and methodsA questionnaire was designed based on scientific literature to assess sociodemographic data, knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward the use of plastic for food and drinks. A total of 639 participants were recruited by employing the convenience sampling technique.ResultsMore than half of the participants (347, 54%) had poor knowledge scores. Personal experiences, social media, and web pages represented the most common knowledge sources. A comparison between plastic-related knowledge scores and the studied sociodemographic characteristics revealed statistically significant differences in age, gender, education, marital status, residence, working, and socioeconomic standard. A good attitude was reported by the majority (515, 80.6%) of participants. The majority (493, 77.2%) were occasional and frequent plastic users and the practice scores were significantly associated with age, education, residence, and socioeconomic standard. Higher educational level, gender (women), and rural residence were predictors of good participants knowledge, while lower socioeconomic status and urban residence were predictors of bad participants practice in a multivariate logistic regression analysis.ConclusionThe observed unsatisfactory knowledge and practice scores vs. the high attitude indicates a knowledge gap that can help direct future improvements. We call for public awareness programs about safe plastic use and the related health hazards of plastic chemicals. We also stress upon the urgent need for a collaboration between health authorities and the plastic and food industry to guarantee that information about proper plastic use is conveyed to consumers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Plastic use for food and drinks and related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among a sample of Egyptians

Hassan,

El Desouky,

Salem

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Maternal periconception hyperglycemia, preconception diabetes, and risk of major congenital malformations in offspring

Rotem,

Weisskopf,

Bateman

et al. 2024

Human Reproduction

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STUDY QUESTION What are the roles of maternal preconception diabetes and related periconceptional hyperglycemia on the risk of major congenital malformations (MCMs) in offspring? SUMMARY ANSWER Maternal periconceptional glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels over 5.6% were associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects (CHD) in the offspring, and maternal preconception diabetes was associated with an increased risk of CHD, including when HbA1c levels were within euglycemic ranges. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Maternal preconception diabetes has been linked with MCMs in the offspring. However, evidence concerning associations with specific periconception serum measures of hyperglycemia, and susceptibility of different organ systems, is inconsistent. Moreover, limited evidence exists concerning the effectiveness of antidiabetic medications in mitigating diabetes-related teratogenic risks. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A large Israeli birth cohort of 46 534 children born in 2001–2020. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Maternal HbA1c test results were obtained from 90 days before conception to mid-pregnancy. Maternal diabetes, other cardiometabolic conditions, and MCMs in newborns were ascertained based on clinical diagnoses, medication dispensing records, and laboratory test results using previously validated algorithms. Associations were modeled using generalized additive logistic regression models with thin plate penalized splines. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Maternal periconceptional HbA1c value was associated with CHD in newborns, with the risk starting to increase at HbA1c values exceeding 5.6%. The association between HbA1c and CHD was stronger among mothers with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to the other diabetes groups. Maternal pre-existing T2DM was associated with CHD even after accounting for HbA1C levels and other cardiometabolic comorbidities (odds ratio (OR)=1.89, 95% CI 1.18, 3.03); and the OR was materially unchanged when only mothers with pre-existing T2DM who had high adherence to antidiabetic medications and normal HbA1c levels were considered. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The rarity of some specific malformation groups limited the ability to conduct more granular analyses. The use of HbA1c as a time-aggregated measure of glycemic control may miss transient glycemic dysregulation that could be clinically meaningful for teratogenic risks. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The observed association between pre-existing diabetes and the risk of malformations within HbA1c levels suggests underlying causal pathways that are partly independent of maternal glucose control. Therefore, treatments for hyperglycemia might not completely mitigate the teratogenic risk associated with maternal preconception diabetes. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The work was supported by NIH grants K99ES035433, R01HD097778, and P30ES000002. None of the authors reports competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.

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Use of Plastics with Hot Food among Saudi Pregnant Women Is Associated with Increased Concentrations of A1C, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, and Homocysteine and Decreased Concentrations of Vitamins and Minerals

Cited by 2 publications

References 35 publications

Plastic use for food and drinks and related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among a sample of Egyptians

Plastic use for food and drinks and related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among a sample of Egyptians

Maternal periconception hyperglycemia, preconception diabetes, and risk of major congenital malformations in offspring

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