Use of polyvinyl butyral film wastes for fabrication of adhesive sealing material

Abstract

The possibility of using PVB film wastes as the adhesive component of cotton adhesive sealing materials was investigated. With respect to the properties, the material can be recommended for use in lining large and small parts of garments made of light-weight and heavy fabrics. The cost of the adhesive material is much lower than the cost of similar industrial materials.Adhesive sealing materials made of synthetic polymers are widely used in domestic and foreign practice in manufacturing garments for many fundamental and auxiliary operations: joining the parts of garments, frontal tanning, bending, securing sections, etc.We know that polyvinyl butyral (PVB) can be used as the adhesive component in creating such materials. However, PVB, which has a number of advantages over such polymers as polyamides, polyethylene, and polyvinyl chloride [1], is expensive and is currently not manufactured domestically.We investigated the possibility of using the PVB film wastes formed in large amounts in production of shatterproof glass and as the adhesive component of adhesive sealing materials for various applications.The sealing material was obtained by impregnating cotton fabric with PVB film solutions followed by elimination of the solvents. Mixtures of different hydrocarbons and alcohols were used as solvents. The solvents that dissolved the film wastes at room temperature in 2-3 h were experimentally selected. Polymer solutions were used in the concentration range of 1 to 10 wt. % for impregnating the fabric. More concentrated solutions have high viscosity, which causes low wettability of the fabric and consequently nonuniform impregnation.In impregnation of the cotton fibres constituting the base of the fabric, the solution wets the fibres, forming a fibreliquid interface instead of a fibreair interface. An adhesive layer whose properties are a function of the physicomechanical and performance properties of the finished material is formed on the fabricpolymer interface due to removal of the solvent.The amount of polymer that penetrated the fibre material is a function of the wetting power of the solutions, determined by the activity of the solvents [2]. As the results of the studies showed, binary solvents based on methylene chloride (MC) have the highest activity and a solution containing methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and isopropyl alcohol has the lowest activity.We found that the polymer content in the fabric is a function of both the concentration of the solution and the nature of the solvent (Fig. 1), and the effect of the composition of the binary solvent on the polymer content in the finished adhesive material is more strongly manifested with an increase in the concentration of the solution.Increasing the polymer content in the fabric to 44% increases the tensile strength of the material both over the warp and over the weft and the strength of the adhesive material is 3-4 times higher than the strength of the initial fabric. This increase in the strength can be explained with the concepts on the additivity of the propert...