Use of Proteomics in the Study of Mastitis in Ewes

Katsafadou, Angeliki I.; Vasileiou, N.G.C.; Fthenakis, George C.

doi:10.3390/pathogens8030134

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The OTU 19 was identified with 100% sequence similarity to Streptococcus uberis, which demonstrates gamma hemolysis and is known to cause mastitis in cows and sheep (Keane, 2019). Additionally, OTU 22 was identified as Mannheimia haemolytica (99.2% sequence similarity), which is known to cause mastitis and pneumonia in small ruminants (Omaleki et al, 2011;Besser et al, 2013;Confer and Ayalew, 2018;Katsafadou et al, 2019). It is unclear why these two phylotypes that are highly similar to pathogenic species are associated with the successful establishment of pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ewe Vaginal Microbiota: Associations With Pregnancy Outcome and Changes During Gestation

et al. 2021

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Reproductive performance is paramount to the success of livestock production enterprises focused on lamb meat production. Reproductive success is influenced by various factors, possibly including the reproductive tract microbial communities present at the time of copulation and throughout pregnancy. There are few publications that identify the vaginal microbial communities of livestock, and even fewer exist for sheep. To compare ewe vaginal microbial communities, vaginal swabs were taken from 67 Hampshire and Hampshire X Suffolk crossbred ewes from the Iowa State University sheep farm at a pre-breeding time point (S1) and after pregnancy testing (S2). Animals that were determined pregnant were sampled again within a few days of expected parturition (S3). DNA was extracted from these swabs, and 16S rRNA gene Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing was conducted to fingerprint the bacterial communities found within this system. Pre-breeding time point samples showed no differences in community structure between animals later found to be pregnant or non-pregnant, but significant changes were detected in species richness (Chao; P < 0.001) and species diversity (Shannon; P < 0.001) at the second sampling time point. A higher microbial diversity within the S2 time point samples may suggest a more stable environment driven by pregnancy, as this increased diversity is maintained in pregnant animals from the S2 to the S3 time point. Additionally, several bacterial phylotypes, such as Mannheimia, Oscillospiraceae-like OTUs and Alistipes, were more abundant at either the S1 or S2 time points in animals that established pregnancy, suggesting a beneficial effect on pregnancy outcome. This study identifies changes within the microbial communities of the ewe vagina before and during gestation and offers inferences on how these changes may impact pregnancy outcome. Information presented herein offers new knowledge about sheep vaginal microbial communities and serves as a starting point to help guide researchers to improve sheep reproductive performance in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ewe Vaginal Microbiota: Associations With Pregnancy Outcome and Changes During Gestation

et al. 2021

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“…The findings indicate that some aspects of the disease have been covered extensively, e.g., aetiology, risk factors, and diagnosis. This is reflected in the presence in the international literature of papers that reviewed specific facets of the disease, e.g., [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], or methodologies employed for its study, e.g., [ 16 ]. However, other aspects of the disease, especially its control, have not been studied adequately, as evidenced by the small number of papers covering these topics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientometrics Approach to Research in Ovine Mastitis from 1970 to 2019 (with a Complete List of Relevant Literature References)

Lianou

Fthenakis

2020

Pathogens

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The present study is a scientometrics evaluation of refereed publications on bacterial mastitis in sheep; the objectives were the evaluation of the relevant papers and the presentation of quantitative characteristics regarding their scientific content and bibliometric details. The Web of Science platform was used with search terms: [mastitis OR *mammary infection*] AND [sheep OR ewe* OR ovine] for papers from 1970 tο 2019; only ‘articles’, ‘reviews’, ‘proceedings papers’, or ‘data papers’ were evaluated, whilst documents related solely to contagious agalactia, mammary aspects of lentiviral infections, or infections of the teats and the udder skin were excluded. Finally, 580 papers were considered in detail. The number of published papers increased from 8 during the 1970s to 273 during the 2010s. These papers originated from 43 countries (most from Greece or Spain, n = 87 from each) and 240 institutions (145 universities and 95 other establishments), of which 35 produced ≥ 5 papers each. Most papers present original studies (n = 539) with a few reviews (n = 41). The original papers refer to dairy (n = 428), meat (n = 113), or wool (n = 1) production systems and present field (n = 329), laboratory (n = 163), or experimental (n = 67) work; the papers report aetiology (n = 146), risk factors (n = 100), pathogenesis (n = 92), diagnosis (n = 88), effects (n = 66), treatment (n = 50), control (n = 36), or descriptive epidemiology (n = 32) of the disease. Papers related to dairy production present more field and fewer experimental work than papers related to meat production; also, in papers describing work performed in dairy sheep, studies about aetiology, risk factors, and diagnosis of the disease predominate, whilst in papers performed in meat sheep, studies about aetiology, pathogenesis, and effects/diagnosis are reported more often. The papers were published in 175 scientific journals (most in Small Ruminant Research, n = 90, or Journal of Dairy Science, n = 54). On average, the papers received 16.8 total citations and 1.6 yearly citations (h-index = 47). Most papers were published in Scimago classification Q1 (n = 240) or Q2 (n = 230) journals and received 23.4 or 15.4 total citations, respectively. Reviews received more citations than original papers; among the latter, papers with work referring to dairy production received more yearly citations than papers referring to meat production; no differences in citations were seen according to type of work or mastitis aspect covered. Most citations were received by papers from France. Papers published in Journal of Dairy Science or Small Ruminant Research received the most citations. In total, there were 1558 individual authors of the papers, with 24 authors having co-authored > 10 papers each (max: 73 papers); on average, there were 5.2 co-authors per paper (min–max: 1–25). Average number of co-authors progressively increased from 2.1 in the 1970s to 6.3 in the 2010s, with original papers having a higher number of co-authors than reviews: 5.3 and 3.7, respectively. Papers from France had highers number of co-authors (7.9). The findings of this first ever scientometrics study into ovine mastitis indicate that the disease has not been studied as other sheep diseases and that future studies in it should be directed to its control.

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“…These have included Staphylococcus aureus [ 177 , 178 , 179 ], Staphylococcus epidermidis [ 180 ], Streptococcus uberis [ 181 , 182 , 183 ], Escherichia coli [ 184 , 185 ], Mannheimia haemolytica [ 186 , 187 ] and Mycoplasma agalactiae [ 188 ]. These studies have been extensively reviewed in other recent relevant publications [ 13 , 189 ].…”

Section: Proteomics Applications In Zoonotic Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Proteomics in ‘One Health’

Katsarou

Billinis

Galamatis³

et al. 2021

Proteomes

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‘One Health’ summarises the idea that human health and animal health are interdependent and bound to the health of ecosystems. The purpose of proteomics methodologies and studies is to determine proteins present in samples of interest and to quantify changes in protein expression during pathological conditions. The objectives of this paper are to review the application of proteomics technologies within the One Health concept and to appraise their role in the elucidation of diseases and situations relevant to One Health. The paper develops in three sections. Proteomics Applications in Zoonotic Infections part discusses proteomics applications in zoonotic infections and explores the use of proteomics for studying pathogenetic pathways, transmission dynamics, diagnostic biomarkers and novel vaccines in prion, viral, bacterial, protozoan and metazoan zoonotic infections. Proteomics Applications in Antibiotic Resistance part discusses proteomics applications in mechanisms of resistance development and discovery of novel treatments for antibiotic resistance. Proteomics Applications in Food Safety part discusses the detection of allergens, exposure of adulteration, identification of pathogens and toxins, study of product traits and characterisation of proteins in food safety. Sensitive analysis of proteins, including low-abundant ones in complex biological samples, will be achieved in the future, thus enabling implementation of targeted proteomics in clinical settings, shedding light on biomarker research and promoting the One Health concept.

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Use of Proteomics in the Study of Mastitis in Ewes

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Ewe Vaginal Microbiota: Associations With Pregnancy Outcome and Changes During Gestation

Ewe Vaginal Microbiota: Associations With Pregnancy Outcome and Changes During Gestation

Scientometrics Approach to Research in Ovine Mastitis from 1970 to 2019 (with a Complete List of Relevant Literature References)

Applied Proteomics in ‘One Health’

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