Use of regular milking records versus daily records for nutrition and other kinds of management

Svennersten-Sjaunja, K.; Sjaunja, L.-O.; Bertilsson, J.; Wiktorsson, H.

doi:10.1016/s0301-6226(97)00023-7

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Comparison of our results to the literature data [4,16,[18][19][20] shows slightly higher "day to day variation" of Slovenian milk recording results. This observation might be explained by the structure and productivity of Slovenian dairy production.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

The uncertainty of results when estimating daily milk records

et al. 2006

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-Two studies were conducted to evaluate the uncertainty of measurements (daily milk yield, fat, protein and lactose content) on Slovenian milk recording data, respecting the ISO 5725 definition of precision i.e. as repeatability (s r ) and reproducibility (s R ) standard deviation. The aim of study 1 was to evaluate the within operator (repeatability) variability of daily measurements and to compare the precision of AT (alternating morning and evening milking records at subsequent monthly visits) and the ICAR standard reference A4 recording scheme (monthly records of two daily milkings). In study 2 we were interested in the reproducibility of milk recording results and the contribution of factors associated with the operator (official representative of the recording organization) and herd or residual variation. In addition, the precision of daily milk yield measurements was studied in relation to herd size and cow productivity. Study 1 was conducted on 332 cows from 14 herds with 14 operators. Study 2 was made on 57639 records gathered from the Slovenian central milk recording database. The results on two consecutive days were obtained by the same operator (study 1) or by operator and supervisor (study 2). Statistical analysis was performed on the differences between two consecutive days. The lower s r obtained for the AT than A4 recording method (1.7 kg vs. 1.2 kg, respectively) indicates a loss of precision in daily milk recording results due to the passage to the AT recording scheme. In current Slovenian situation (AT recording scheme), the reproducibility standard deviation obtained on two consecutive days was about 1.7 kg, 0.40, 0.11 and 0.09 for milk yield, fat, protein and lactose percentage indicating that we can normally expect the difference between regular control and supervision up to approximately 5 kg, 1.2%, 0.3% and 0.3% for daily milk yield, fat, protein and lactose, respectively. Similar estimates were obtained for repeatability and reproducibility standard deviation. Uncertainty in milk yield results explained by the factors related to the operator pair was minor (0.4-2.5%) compared to herd related factors (11.0-15.1%), while the main part (82.4-88.6%) was due to biological variability and other uncontrolled factors. Lower reproducibility of daily milk yield was associated with small herds and/or lower productivity. Résumé -Estimation de l'incertitude des résultats de performances dans le contrôle laitier.Deux études ont été menées pour évaluer l'exactitude des mesures (production laitière quotidienne, taux butyreux, taux protéique et teneur en lactose) sur les données du contrôle laitier en Slovénie, respectant la norme ISO 5725, i.e. exprimée par l'écart type de répétabilité (s r ) et de reproductibilité (s R ). Le but de l'étude 1 était d'estimer la répétabilité des mesures et de comparer la précision de la méthode de référence ICAR A4 (enregistrement mensuel des données sur les deux traites quotidiennes) à celle de la méthode AT (enregistrement mensuel des données sur une des deux...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

The uncertainty of results when estimating daily milk records

et al. 2006

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“…Hence, while measuring physical labour use is of importance, other factors including the link between management, stockmanship and enterprise performance are of potential value to explore. Svennersten-Sjaunja et al (1997) argued that successful management on dairy farms includes the use of daily milk records (rather than monthly) to facilitate enhanced monitoring and management. Huirne et al (1997) examined management aspects on dairy farms in the Netherlands and note that maximizing annual profit and balancing costs and returns are the two goals that farmers attach the highest importance to.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposing variation in dairy profitability: the impact of output, inputs, prices, labour and management

Wilson

2011

J. Agric. Sci.

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SUMMARYThe UK dairy sector has undergone considerable structural change in recent years, with a decrease in the number of producers accompanied by an increased average herd size and increased concentrate use and milk yields. One of the key drivers to producers remaining in the industry is the profitability of their herds. The current paper adopts a holistic approach to decomposing the variation in dairy profitability through an analysis of net margin data explained by physical input–output measures, milk price variation, labour utilization and managerial behaviours and characteristics. Data are drawn from the Farm Business Survey (FBS) for England in 2007/08 for 228 dairy enterprises. Average yields are 7100 litres/cow/yr, from a herd size of 110 cows that use 0·56 forage ha/cow/yr and 43·2 labour h/cow/yr. An average milk price of 22·57 pence per litre (ppl) produced milk output of £1602/cow/yr, which after accounting for calf sales, herd replacements and quota leasing costs, gave an average dairy output of £1516/cow/yr. After total costs of £1464/cow/yr this left an economic return of £52/cow/yr (0·73 ppl) net margin profit. There is wide variation in performance, with the most profitable (as measured by net margin per cow) quartile of producers achieving 2000 litres/cow/yr more than the least profitable quartile, returning a net margin of £335/cow/yr compared to a loss of £361/cow/yr for the least profitable. The most profitable producers operate larger, higher yielding herds and achieve a greater milk price for their output. In addition, a significantly greater number of the most profitable producers undertake financial benchmarking within their businesses and operate specialist dairy farms. When examining the full data set, the most profitable enterprises included significantly greater numbers of organic producers. The most profitable tend to have a greater reliance on independent technical advice, but this finding is not statistically significant. Decomposing the variation in net margin performance between the most and least profitable groups, an approximate ratio of 65:23:12 is observed for higher yields: lower costs: higher milk price. This result indicates that yield differentials are the key performance driver in dairy profitability. Lower costs per cow are dominated by the significantly lower cost of farmer and spouse labour per cow of the most profitable group, flowing directly from the upper quartile expending 37·7 labour h/cow/yr in comparison with 58·8 h/cow/yr for the lower quartile. The upper quartile's greater milk price is argued to be achieved through contract negotiations and higher milk quality, and this accounts for 0·12 of the variation in net margin performance. The average economic return to the sample of dairy enterprises in this survey year was less than £6000/farm/yr. However, the most profitable quartile returned an average economic return of approximately £50 000 per farm/yr. Structural change in the UK dairy sector is likely to continue with the least profitable and typically small...

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“…The recording of milk composition is essential for the dairy industry and the management of dairy farms. The quality of milk has a direct influence on processed milk products (Svennersten‐Sjaunja et al . 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat and protein contents, acidity and somatic cell counts in bulk milk of Holstein cows in the Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

Najafi¹,

Mortazavi

Koocheki

et al. 2009

Int J of Dairy Tech

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Relationships between total bulk milk somatic cell score (SCS) and milk fat and protein contents and acidity were investigated in the Khorasan Razavi Province, a region that contributes 6.83% of total milk production in Iran. A total of 1476 samples were analysed. Data were obtained by randomly collecting 123 samples of bulk tank milk from 41 dairy farms during April 2006 to March 2007, every month. Milk was analysed for titratable acidity, protein and fat contents and somatic cell counts (direct microscopic cell count and with Somatos, Russia). Microscopic and Somatos somatic cell counts were comparable. Results showed that the season of raw milk production did not have a significant effect on acidity. Milk fat content increased gradually from spring to winter and there were significant differences (P < 0.05) between spring and other seasons. Higher levels of milk protein fractions were observed during the autumn and winter than in other seasons. The highest total bulk milk somatic cell counts were observed in July. Total bulk milk SCS had significant effects (P < 0.05) on acidity and fat and protein contents. Moreover, the level of acidity and fat in milk decreased with increasing SCS. A significant positive relationship was observed between total bulk milk SCS and the protein content of milk. Elevated SCS were associated with lowered milk quality in Holsteins in the Khorasan Razavi Province.

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Use of regular milking records versus daily records for nutrition and other kinds of management

Cited by 39 publications

References 38 publications

The uncertainty of results when estimating daily milk records

The uncertainty of results when estimating daily milk records

Decomposing variation in dairy profitability: the impact of output, inputs, prices, labour and management

Fat and protein contents, acidity and somatic cell counts in bulk milk of Holstein cows in the Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

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