Use of rubber modification technique to improve fracture-resistance of hoop wound composites

Inclusion of a thermoplastic phase to improve impact and post-impact performances of carbon fibre reinforced thermosetting composites — A review

“…This can be explained by the fact that some liquid rubber can remain dissolved in the matrix as opposed to undergoing phase separation [59]. Similar results were reported by Abadyan et al [61] who found that DGEBA resin modified with ATBN had improved K IC , but reduced compressive and flexural strength. Jang and Yang [62] investigated the use of ATBN and CTBN to achieve improvements in toughness by modifying carbon/poly-benzoxazine prepregs.…”

The influence of hydrothermal conditioning on the Mode-I, thermal and flexural properties of Carbon/Benzoxazine composites with a thermoplastic toughening interlayer

“…Studies have shown that toughening the bulk matrix system with particles -such as thermoplastics [4][5][6], carbon nanotubes [7,8] and rubber [9] -can enhance the Mode-I fracture toughness and fatigue performance [10,11] of the composite but can adversely affect other mechanical and thermal properties [12][13][14][15]. While it is an effective toughening technique, resin modification tends to increase viscosity -which poses a problem for infusion processing methods, such as VARTM -and particulate inclusions can agglomerate or migrate during resin infusion.…”

Effect of Additive-added Epoxy on Mechanical and Dielectric Characteristics of Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

“…In addition, low modulus ENR and ELO particles act as stress concentrators and decrease the yield strength. 25 Although there is a tendency to increase tensile strength for 5 phr thiokol modified GF/EP, the increase was no significant. The Young's modulus, determined from the typical stressstrain curve, showed little decrease for composites modified with 7 phr ENR, and 9 phr ELO.…”

“…11 Liquid rubber, such as carboxyl-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (CTBN) rubber, has potential as a modifier for GF/EP without changing the viscosity. 12,13 When this system is cured, the epoxy polymerizes and CTBN reacts with the epoxy to form a copolymer. With increasing molecular weight, the soluble reactive liquid CTBN rubber phase separates from the epoxy because of the decrease in rubber/epoxy compatibility.…”