Use of Slaughterhouse Sludge in the Bioremediation of an Oxyfluorfen-Polluted Soil

Abstract

The use of organic matter is a highly accepted environmental practice among scientists for the bioremediation of polluted soils. In this manuscript we study under laboratory conditions the bioremediation capacity of a new biostimulant obtained from slaughterhouse sludge in a soil polluted by the oxyfluorfen at a rate of 4 l ha−1 (manufacturer’s rate recommended) over a 90-day period. We determined its effects on dehydrogenase, urease, β-glucosidase and phosphatase activities, the soil microbial community structure and the evolution of the herbicide in soil. Possibly due to the high content of low molecular weight proteins in the biostimulant, the enzymatic activities were stimulated mainly at the beginning of the experiment. Soil biological parameters were inhibited in oxyfluorfen-polluted soil. At the end of the experiment and compared with the control soil, dehydrogenase, urease, β-glucosidase, and phosphatase activities significantly decreased by 47.8%, 50.5%, 36.4%, and 45.5% in the oxyfluorfen-polluted soil. At 5 days into the experiment, the use of the biostimulant in oxyfluorfen-polluted soils decreased soil enzymatic activities and microbial community inhibition. At the end of the incubation period the oxyfluorfen concentration had decreased by 60% in the polluted soil and amended with biostimulants. These results suggested that the use of this biostimulant with higher amounts of low molecular weight proteins and peptides had a positive effect on the remediating oxyfluorfen-polluted soils. Therefore, this study provides the use of a new biostimulant obtained from slaughterhouse sludge by enzymatic hydrolysis processes used in the bioremediation of a soil polluted by the oxyfluorfen herbicide.

Study of the Biochemical Activity and Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in Soils Polluted with Oxyfluorfen

“…Our results indicate that application of the oxyfluorfen herbicide caused an inhibition in soil dehydrogenase enzymatic activity. These results are in line with those obtained by Franco-Andreu et al (2016), Ávila-Pozo et al (2021 and Tejada et al (2022), who observed a significant toxic effect of oxyfluorfen on this intracellular enzymatic activity.…”

Use of Biostimulants Obtained from Sewage Sludge for the Restoration of Soils Polluted by Diuron: Effect on Soil Biochemical Properties

“…Different biostimulants mainly obtained from different organic wastes by enzymatic hydrolysis processes have been used for the bioremediation of soils polluted by various herbicides in recent years [9,10,12]. The results obtained in these studies suggest that the application of these biostimulants to contaminated soils significantly decreases the herbicide concentration.…”

“…In this regard, the role of sewage sludge is the same as for other sources of organic matter applied to soils contaminated by pesticides. Thus, they play a role in stimulating pesticide-tolerant soil microorganisms, which leads to an acceleration in the degradation of this organic xenobiotic and mayo also allow the sorption of such pesticides; thus, reducing their concentration in the soil solution and, consequently, reducing their toxicity [9,10].…”

Use of a Biostimulant Obtained from Slaughterhouse Sludge in a Greenhouse Tomato Crop

“…To obtain the biostimulant, and according to Ávila-Pozo et al [14], slaughterhouse sludge was subjected to two treatments. In the first treatment, the slaughterhouse sludge was concentrated at 75 • C with a rotary evaporator until reaching a dry matter value of around 15%.…”

“…There has been a marked increase in the production of slaughterhouse sludge in recent decades as a consequence of the increase in the number of such facilities [14]. These authors obtained a biostimulant from slaughterhouse sludge by way of enzymatic hydrolysis processes and used it for the bioremediation of soil contaminated with the herbicide oxyfluorfen.…”