Use of Sleeve Nets to Improve Survival of the Boisduval Silkworm,<i>Anaphe panda</i>, in the Kakamega Forest of Western Kenya

Mbahin, N.; Raina, Satish; Kioko, Esther; Mueke, J. M.

doi:10.1673/031.010.0601

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…panda silk provides excellent opportunities for African countries. Mbahin et al [43], who studied their occurrence on the tree B . micrantha , recommended the management of indigenous forests in a sustainable way in Africa as the occurrence of wild silk moths is declining due to deforestation and overconsumption.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cultural significance of Lepidoptera in sub-Saharan Africa

Huis

2019

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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Background The taxon Lepidoptera is one of the most widespread and recognisable insect orders with 160,000 species worldwide and with more than 20,000 species in Africa. Lepidoptera have a complete metamorphosis and the adults (butterflies and moths) are quite different from the larvae (caterpillars). The purpose of the study was to make an overview of how butterflies/moths and caterpillars are utilised, perceived and experienced in daily life across sub-Saharan Africa. Method Ethno-entomological information on Lepidoptera in sub-Saharan Africa was collected by (1) interviews with more than 300 people from about 120 ethnic groups in 27 countries in the region; and (2) library studies in Africa, London, Paris and Leiden. Results Often the interviewees indicated that people from his or her family or ethnic group did not know that caterpillars turn into butterflies and moths (metamorphosis). When known, metamorphosis may be used as a symbol for transformation, such as in female puberty or in literature regarding societal change. Vernacular names of the butterfly/moth in the Muslim world relate to religion or religious leaders. The names of the caterpillars often refer to the host plant or to their characteristics or appearance. Close to 100 caterpillar species are consumed as food. Wild silkworm species, such as Borocera spp. in Madagascar and Anaphe species in the rest of Africa, provide expensive textiles. Bagworms (Psychidae) are sometimes used as medicine. Ancestors may be associated with certain dark nocturnal moths, but these are also considered to be responsible for armyworms plagues. The appearance of butterflies/moths can be associated with seasons or serve as predictor of events. There are many proverbs, songs and stories related to butterflies and moths. Lepidoptera are also an inspiration in art expressions. In dance, the movements of caterpillars are used as examples, while certain cocoons are used as rattles. Conclusion Lepidoptera are found very appealing because of the striking appearance of the adults, their dramatic metamorphosis and the provision of silk and nutritious food. Besides, they are an inspiration in art and literature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it has been suggested that these resources should be better exploited in a sustainable manner as they are currently threatened by deforestation and overexploitation [75]. The same author suggests ways for a better exploitation [43]. In Madagascar, wild silks are very expensive and they are used in burial ceremonies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural significance of Lepidoptera in sub-Saharan Africa

Huis

2019

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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“…The spores and crystals produced by the B. thuringiensis strains were recovered using a bacteriological loop and suspended in 1 mL of sterile water. The spore-crystal complex was treated with 1 mM protease inhibitor PMSF (phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride) to avoid protein degradation [ 17 ]. The total protein was quantified by the Bradford technique [ 18 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic Effect ofBacillus thuringiensisStrains against the Gill Fish TrematodeCentrocestus formosanus

Mendoza-Estrada

Hernández-Velázquez

Arenas-Sosa

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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Parasitic agents, such as helminths, are the most important biotic factors affecting aquaculture, and the fluke Centrocestus formosanus is considered to be highly pathogenic in various fish species. There have been efforts to control this parasite with chemical helminthicides, but these efforts have had unsuccessful results. We evaluated the anthelmintic effect of 37 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis against C. formosanus metacercariae in vitro using two concentrations of total protein, and only six strains produced high mortality. The virulence (CL50) on matacercariae of three strains was obtained: the GP308, GP526, and ME1 strains exhibited a LC50 of 146.2 μg/mL, 289.2 μg/mL, and 1721.9 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, these six B. thuringiensis strains were evaluated against the cercariae of C. formosanus; the LC50 obtained from the GP526 strain with solubilized protein was 83.8 μg/mL, and it could be considered as an alternative control of the metacercariae and cercariae of this parasite in the productivity systems of ornamental fishes.

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“… 2 Important species used in the production of Anaphe silk include A. infracta (Walsingham), A. venata (Butler), A. panda (Boisduval), A. reticulata (Walker), A. carteri (Walsingham), A. moloneyi (Druce), and A. ambrizia (Butler). 3 Anaphe panda has significant potential in many African countries as a source of income for rural communities and conservation of biodiversity through wild silk production because it produces a huge cocoon nest that is communally weaved by 20–200 silkworm larvae. 4 , 5 Larvae of Anaphe spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, Composition, and Properties of Silk from the African Wild Silkmoth, Anaphe panda (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae)

2014

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Silk cocoon nests, as well as the fiber structure, compositions, and properties of the African wild silkmoth, Anaphe panda, collected from Kakamega tropical rainforest (western Kenya) were studied using scanning electron microscopy, high-pressureliquid chromatography, tensile tests, and thermogravmetric analysis, and they were compared with the industrial standard, Bombyx mori. Cocoon nests are complex structures made up of inner, middle, and outer layers. The inner hard parchment was found to protect a mass of (20–200) individual soft flossy cocoons that enclose the pupae. The outer surface of the cocoon nests was covered with a mass of hair-like bristles. Fibers contained crescent-shaped and globular cross-sections with nods at regular intervals. Alanine (34%) and glycine (28%) were the dominant fibroin amino acids observed. Total weight loss after degumming the cocoon nest was 25.6%. Degummed fibers showed higher moisture regain of 9% when compared with cocoon nests (8%). The fibers had 0.4 GPa breaking stress and 15.4% breaking strain. Total weight loss values after thermogravimetric analysis were 86% and 90% for degummed fibers and cocoon shells, respectively.

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Use of Sleeve Nets to Improve Survival of the Boisduval Silkworm,Anaphe panda, in the Kakamega Forest of Western Kenya

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Cultural significance of Lepidoptera in sub-Saharan Africa

Cultural significance of Lepidoptera in sub-Saharan Africa

Anthelmintic Effect ofBacillus thuringiensisStrains against the Gill Fish TrematodeCentrocestus formosanus

Structure, Composition, and Properties of Silk from the African Wild Silkmoth, Anaphe panda (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae)

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