Use of Sodium Butyrate as an Alternative to Dietary Fiber: Effects on the Embryonic Development and Anti-Oxidative Capacity of Rats

Lin, Yan; Fang, Zhengfeng; Che, Lianqiang; Xu, Shengyu; Wu, De; Wu, Caimei; Wu, Xizheng

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097838

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In a rodent obesity model, both supplementation with butyrate and oral administration of acetate have been demonstrated to suppress weight gain [ 12 ]. In a maternal diet, supplementing with butyrate has been shown to increase reproductive performance and enhanced anti-oxidant capacity [ 28 ]. In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time (as far as we know) the influence of a butyrate supplement on maternal and offspring lipid metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal sodium butyrate supplement elevates the lipolysis in adipose tissue and leads to lipid accumulation in offspring liver of weaning-age rats

et al. 2016

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Background: Sodium butyrate (SB) is reported to regulate lipid metabolism in mammals, and the relationship between maternal nutrition and offspring growth has drawn much attention in the last several years. Methods: To elucidate the effects of maternal dietary SB supplementation on hepatic lipid metabolism in weaning rats, we fed 16 primiparous purebred female SD rats either a chow-diet or a 1 % sodium butyrate diet throughout pregnancy and lactation. At weaning age, samples of the maternal subcutaneous adipose tissue and offspring liver were taken. The serum indexes and expressions of proteins related to lipid metabolism were detected in the mother and offspring, respectively. Results: The results showed that the maternal SB supplement increased the concentration of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) in the maternal and offspring serum (P < 0.05). Total cholesterol (Tch) increased significantly in the weaning-rat serum (P < 0.05). Maternal adipose tissue from the SB-supplemented rats showed higher content of protein G-coupled protein (GPR43) and protein kinase A (PKA) (P < 0.05). The expression of protein adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and of total and phosphorylated hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), in the maternal adipose tissue increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. However the proteins related to lipogenesis showed no significant changes. Moreover, the concentration of triglyceride in the offspring liver increased significantly, and this likely resulted from an increase in the levels of fatty acids binding protein (FABP) and fatty acid translocase (CD36) protein (P < 0.05). SB exposure during pregnancy and lactation increased the hepatic total cholesterol (Tch) content (P < 0.01), which was related to a significantly up-regulated offspring hepatic expression of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) protein (P < 0.05).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal sodium butyrate supplement elevates the lipolysis in adipose tissue and leads to lipid accumulation in offspring liver of weaning-age rats

et al. 2016

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“…The use of sodium butyrate during pregnancy in a rat model increased the expression of antioxidant and nutrient-related genes. 32 In pigs, sodium butyrate supplementation improved embryo development in vitro and enhanced gene expression involved in early development. 33,34 Lastly, a recent study in rats suggested that hypertension was associated with reductions in the proportions of butyrate-producing bacteria but increases in bacteria that produce lactate.…”

Section: Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure Is Associated With Altered Gut Microbiota Composition and Butyrate Production in Early Pregnancy

et al. 2016

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Abstract-The risk of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia is higher in obese pregnant women.In obesity, the composition of the gut microbiota is altered. Obesity is also associated with low-grade inflammation.Metabolites from the gut microbiota may contribute to both hypertension and inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the composition of the gut microbiota in overweight and obese pregnant women is associated with blood pressure and levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. The composition of the gut microbiota was determined with 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing in 205 women at 16 weeks gestation from the SPRING study (the Study of Probiotics in Gestational Diabetes). Expression of butyrate-producing genes in the gut microbiota was assessed by realtime polymerase chain reaction. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels were measured in fasting serum of a subset of 70 women. Blood pressure was slightly but significantly higher in obese compared with overweight women. The abundance of the butyrate-producing genus Odoribacter was inversely correlated with systolic blood pressure. Butyrate production capacity was decreased, but plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 concentrations increased in obese pregnant women. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels were inversely correlated with expression of butyrate kinase and Odoribacter abundance. This study shows that in overweight and obese pregnant women at 16 weeks gestation, the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria and butyrate production in the gut microbiota is significantly negatively associated with blood pressure and with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels. Increasing butyrate-producing capacity may contribute to maintenance of normal blood pressure in obese pregnant women. Gomez-Arango et al Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiome Butyrate Production 975The SCFA butyrate is produced from dietary fiber by bacteria in the gastrointestinal lumen. There are 2 main enzymes catalyzing butyrate production: butyrate kinase (Buk) and butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase (But), which are often used as biomarkers for the detection of butyrate-producing bacteria.11 Buk catalyzes the formation of butyrate from butyryl-CoA, releasing ATP in the process. 12,13 But catalyzes the reaction of butyryl-CoA with exogenous acetate to form butyrate and acetyl-CoA.13,14 Some butyrate-producing bacteria only express But or Buk, whereas others express both. 12The main butyrate producers in the human gut belong to the Firmicutes phylum (Coprococci, Eubacterium, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium genera), 14 but members of other phyla, especially Bacteroidetes (Odoribacter and Alistipes genera), often contribute to the overall butyrogenic pool. SCFAproducing bacteria may affect blood pressure by direct effects of SCFA on vasodilation or through plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). n-Butyrate increases PAI-1 mRNA in cultured hepatocytes, 15 and SCFA enemas stimulate rectal microcirculation and PAI-1 after aortic graft surgery. 16 It is uncl...

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“…Butyrate supplementation to gestating sows has been reported to enhance post-weaning growth performance of offspring ( 13 ) , although supplementation with sodium butyrate after farrowing did not have a significant effect on weaning body weight ( 31 ) . It has also been shown that butyrate supplementation of high-fat diet-fed mothers increased the number of fetuses compared with the control group ( 12 ) . Butyrate can act as a growth promoter in milk replacement formula for young calves ( 32 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After birth, butyrate can be directly ingested by the neonates ( 37 ) . For butyrate crossing the placenta, previous studies have shown that multiple subtypes of maternal monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) were expressed ( 38 ) in the placenta, and maternal high-fat diets with butyrate could increase MCT mRNA expression in the placenta ( 12 ) . Thus, our present study speculated that maternal butyrate supplementation during gestation and lactation could cross the placental barrier of dams and pass through milk of dams to offspring to influence offspring skeletal muscle metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have suggested that butyrate supplementation in high-fat diets could improve mitochondrial function by promoting a skeletal muscle type 1 fibre phenotype and physiology ( 10 , 11 ) . A few studies have demonstrated that maternal butyrate supplementation can improve offspring growth and antioxidant capacity ( 12 , 13 ) . However, whether maternal butyrate supplementation has an influence on energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in offspring skeletal muscle is still unknown.…”

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Supplementing the maternal diet of rats with butyrate enhances mitochondrial biogenesis in the skeletal muscles of weaned offspring

et al. 2017

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The present study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal dietary butyrate supplementation on energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in offspring skeletal muscle and the possible mediating mechanisms. Virgin female rats were randomly assigned to either control or butyrate diets (1 % butyrate sodium) throughout gestation and lactation. At the end of lactation (21 d), the offspring were killed by exsanguination from the abdominal aorta under anaesthesia. The results showed that maternal butyrate supplementation throughout gestation and lactation did not affect offspring body weight. However, the protein expressions of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPR) 43 and 41 were significantly enhanced in offspring skeletal muscle of the maternal butyrate-supplemented group. The ATP content, most of mitochondrial DNA-encoded gene expressions, the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and 4 protein contents and the mitochondrial DNA copy number were significantly higher in the butyrate group than in the control group. Meanwhile, the protein expressions of type 1 myosin heavy chain, mitochondrial transcription factor A, PPAR-coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and uncoupling protein 3 were significantly increased in the gastrocnemius muscle of the treatment group compared with the control group. These results indicate for the first time that maternal butyrate supplementation during the gestation and lactation periods influenced energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis through the GPR and PGC-1α pathways in offspring skeletal muscle at weaning. Key words: Maternal butyrate: Skeletal muscles: ATP: Mitochondrial biogenesis: RatsDietary fibre is deficient in the diets of modern people. The lack of dietary fibre is viewed as one of the main reason for the current increasing rates of metabolic diseases. Normally, dietary fibre is digested and absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by complete or partial fermentation to SCFA such as butyric acid (1,2) . Considering the fibre effect on the diet of mothers during gestation and lactation, previous studies indicate that a high-fat, Western-style maternal diet, with additional dietary fibre, has a lower risk for developing CHD, hypertension, diabetes, obesity and other metabolic diseases in the offspring (3,4) . However, the underlying mechanism is still largely unclear.In addition to being the energy source for ruminants and monogastric animals (5,6) , most previous studies suggest that butyrate, a kind of SCFA, might mediate the effects of gut microbiota and nutrition on immunity, metabolism, as well as the pathogenesis of obesity, diabetes mellitus and inflammatory bowel disease (7)(8)(9)(10) . Previous studies have suggested that butyrate supplementation in high-fat diets could improve mitochondrial function by promoting a skeletal muscle type 1 fibre phenotype and physiology (10,11) . A few studies have demonstrated that maternal butyrate supplementation can improve offspring growth and antioxidant capacity (12,13) . However, whether maternal butyrate supplementation has an infl...

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Use of Sodium Butyrate as an Alternative to Dietary Fiber: Effects on the Embryonic Development and Anti-Oxidative Capacity of Rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 57 publications

Maternal sodium butyrate supplement elevates the lipolysis in adipose tissue and leads to lipid accumulation in offspring liver of weaning-age rats

Maternal sodium butyrate supplement elevates the lipolysis in adipose tissue and leads to lipid accumulation in offspring liver of weaning-age rats

Increased Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure Is Associated With Altered Gut Microbiota Composition and Butyrate Production in Early Pregnancy

Supplementing the maternal diet of rats with butyrate enhances mitochondrial biogenesis in the skeletal muscles of weaned offspring

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