Use of soy protein concentrates and lecithin products in diets fed to coho and atlantic salmon

Abstract

Aquacultural production is increasing in most parts of the world, establishing new and rapidly growing markets for various oil products. One of the more interesting nutritional requirements for aquatic animals is lecithin or phosphatidylcholine. In this paper, lecithin in aquaculture is reviewed with emphasis on freshwater fish and crayfish. Further, new data on use of lecithin and two soy protein concentrates in diets fed to coho and Atlantic salmon are presented. Juvenile coho and Atlantic salmon were fed either solvent‐extracted soybean meal (SBM) or Promocalf® at 30% of the diet, Promoveal® at 10, 20 or 30% of the diet, or one of three new lecithin products at a constant level of 3% of the diet. Juvenile coho salmon fed SBM, Promocalf®, or Promoveal® at 30% of the diet exhibited depressed weight gain and an elevated feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to fish fed a positive control diet. Fish fed 10 or 20% Promoveal® had similar weight gain and FCR compared to fish fed the control diet. Coho salmon fed either of the three lecithin products (Aqualipid®, Blendmax®, or Centrol®) had similar weight gains and FCR values compared to fish fed the control diet. Whole‐body proximate components were not as responsive to dietary treatments as weight gain and FCR data. Juvenile Atlantic salmon exhibited depressed weight gain only when fed 30% Promocalf® and all three lecithin products. Further, whole‐body crude protein concentrations in fish fed the three lecithin products were depressed.

Soybean lecithin dietary supplementation inOctopus vulgarisformulated feeds: Growth, feed efficiency, digestibility and nutritional composition

“…Mortality was registered on octopus fed formulated diets, either in Experiment 1 or 2, which suggests that 20 g/kg of soybean lecithin supplementation did not promote higher survival in Octopus vulgaris sub‐adults, contrarily to those observed in several fish species (Brown, Wilson, Hodgin, & Stanley, ; Craig et al, ; Uyan et al, ). These results suggest presumable nutritional deficiencies of diets, which could be unrelated to the lipid classes of diets.…”

Growth Improved in Juvenile Nile Tilapia Fed Phosphatidylcholine

“…The decrease in tissue protein concentration with a concomitant increase in tissue lipid concentration in fish fed diets containing PC has been a common trend in several fish studies with PC (Poston 1990a(Poston , 1990bBrown et al 1997;Craig and Gatlin 1997). Most studies maintained similar lipid concentrations in diets, and the increasing lipid concentrations cannot be attributed to dietary differences.…”

Pacific hake (Merluccius productusAyres, 1855) hydrolysates as feed attractants for juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytschaWalbaum, 1792)

“…Anchovy meal is known to be a richer source of lysine than SBM (NRC (National Research Council). ) and possibly the higher lysine content of the +CON diet contributed to its increased palatability (Brown, Wilson, Hodgin & Stanley ). None of the experimental diets were limiting in lysine content and consequently they were not supplemented with this essential amino acid.…”