Use of surnames for a demo‐ecological analysis: A study in southwest Sardinia

Caravello, Gianumberto; Tasso, Miro

doi:10.1002/ajhb.10049

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In all the topological representations of Sardinia, Carloforte is not included in the main Sardinian cluster since its inhabitants have Ligurian origins and they settled in Sardinia in the 18th century, coming from the island of Tabarka in north-western Tunisia (Vallebona, 1988). The structure of surnames in Carloforte is still rather peculiar, and very different from that of the other Sardinian municipalities (Vona et al, 1996;Caravello & Tasso, 2002b). Carbonia, another Sardinian municipality not far from Carloforte (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Similarities in the Surnames of Island and Continental Populations of the North-Western Mediterranean Area

et al. 2008

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This paper compares the structures of the surnames of 75 municipal populations living in six north-western Mediterranean regions. Its purpose is to unravel the relations between the local populations in Corsica and Sardinia and the links between these populations and those living in the Italian and French continental territory. On the basis of the matrix of similarity of surnames, some topological representations have been drafted showing the above-mentioned relations between populations under the light of their geographical position, their recent history and studies of genetic analysis. Corsica has an eterogeneous surname structure and evident similarity of the north with Tuscany and some centres of continental France. When only the populations of Sardinia were taken into consideration, it emerged that they differ among each other in relation to their geographical position and their history; when, instead, they were considered in relation to other populations outside the island, it was possible to observe that they form a highly different cluster. This study also identified many differences in the analysed geographical areas of Sardinia. In the minor islands - Elba, Giglio, Capraia - the structure of the surnames has a Tuscan origin as well as some similarity with other geographically distant areas, as in the case of the island of Giglio, if compared with some communities of Liguria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Similarities in the Surnames of Island and Continental Populations of the North-Western Mediterranean Area

et al. 2008

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“…Other studies of the distribution of surnames in Sardinia established that they behave as neutral alleles (Zei et al, 1983a(Zei et al, ,b, 1986. Caravello and Tasso (2002) analyzed a database of surnames taken from the telephone directories of 12 Sardinian villages in the historical-geographical zone of Sulcis (Southwest Sardinia); they observed that villages founded relatively recently by a non-Sardinian population, e.g., Carloforte on the island of San Pietro (1738) and Calasetta on the island of Sant'Antioco (1770), had a peculiar distribution of surnames that reflected their specific history and culture, different from the other Sardinian villages analyzed. Another two villages, one founded in 1938 (Carbonia), the other geographically isolated (Teulada), were also distinct from the remaining eight villages in the Sulcis area (Caravello and Tasso, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies using surname analysis in Sardinia Vona, 1980, 1984;Zei et al, 1983aZei et al, ,b, 1986Wijsman et al, 1984;Piazza et al, 1985;Lucchetti et al, 1987;Guglielmino and Zei, 1996;Vona et al, 1996;Danubio, 1997;Caravello and Tasso, 2002) never clarified how the authors dealt with the problem of surname variants (Manconi, 1987;Pittau, 1990). In the present study, as in another in which the R ib values of 14 of the 16 villages examined here were analyzed for the periods 1800-1824and 1955-1974(Sanna et al, 2001, we considered last names with minimal spelling differences as the same surname (Kü chemann et al, 1979;Fuster, 1986;Pollitzer et al, 1988;Pettener, 1990;Rojas-Alvarado and Garza-Chapa, 1994;Madrigal and Ware, 1997;Sanna et al, 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasker's coefficient of isonymy between and within 16 Sardinian villages in the periods 1825–1849, 1875–1899, and 1925–1949

Sanna

Iovine

Melis

et al. 2006

American J Hum Biol

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Coefficients of relationship by isonymy, based on the frequency of common surnames, were used to estimate the biological affinity between (R(ib)) and within (R(iw)) 16 Sardinian villages in the periods 1825-1849, 1875-1899, and 1925-1949. The database for the surname analysis consisted of 13,515 marriages registered in the parishes of villages, all belonging to the Sardinian linguistic area. The values of R(ib) and R(iw) tend to decrease in time. In all three periods, the R(ib) values generally decrease as the geographical distance between villages increases. The negative values of the Bravais-Pearson coefficient of correlation between the matrix of R(ib) values and the matrices of geographical distances (calculated both in a straight line and from road distances) are significant for each period (modified Mantel test), with slightly higher correlation coefficients for road distances. Moreover, the plots of isonymic relationships obtained by nonmetric multidimensional scaling for 1825-1849 and 1925-1949 show that the biological relationships between neighboring villages increase in the latter period. The positive values of the Bravais-Pearson coefficients of correlation between R(iw) and altitude are significant in all three periods, while the correlation between R(iw) and population size is not significant, even when altitude is controlled for. Since altitude is considered an indicator of isolation, the results obtained with the coefficient of relationship by isonymy within villages also support the isolation-by-distance model. R(ib) values provided a reliable picture of the biological relationships between 16 Sardinian villages, while R(iw) values illustrated the biological affinity within the communities for a period of 100 years, from 1825-1849 to 1925-1949.

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“…Surnames have proved to be useful for describing the population structure, and isonymy makes it possible to evaluate isolation and consanguinity (see the recent bibliography in Barrai et al, 13 Mathias et al, 14 RodriguezLarralde, 15 Lasker et al, 16 Sykes et al, 17 Manni et al, 18 Barrai et al, 19,20 Caravello et al, 21 Gagnon et al, 22 ). They are also frequently used as a tool to identify individuals' geographical origin (see the recent bibliography in Chan, 23 GarzaChapa et al, 24 De Silvesti and Guglielmino, 25 Pollock et al, 26 Jacobs and Landerdale, 27 Rudan, 28 Carta et al, 29 Brancatelli et al 30 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the French National Registry of unrelated bone marrow donors, using surnames as a tool for improving geographical localisation of HLA haplotypes

2003

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The first statistical analysis of the French National Registry of volunteer bone marrow donors estimated the probabilities of haplotype frequencies separately for each of the 20 administrative regions of France. Here we propose to use donors' surnames to increase the accuracy of location of the donor's geographical origin. This approach allows us to estimate haplotype frequencies for administrative entities (90 departments) smaller than regions and to correct for bias resulting from recent mobility. We analysed 30 777 donors typed for HLA-A,B and 17 745 donors typed for HLA-A,B,DR,DQ. By using the donors' surnames, we identified common and rare haplotypes (those found in only one department) and estimated the degree of HLA polymorphism at the department level. We also identified departments with a distinctive genetic structure (for example, Paris, Corsica, Pyrenees and Meurthe-et-Moselle). By providing a more accurate geographical distribution of HLA polymorphisms in France, this study will enable us to optimise policies for recruiting bone marrow donors and to improve the fit between the donor file and patients' needs.

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Use of surnames for a demo‐ecological analysis: A study in southwest Sardinia

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Similarities in the Surnames of Island and Continental Populations of the North-Western Mediterranean Area

Similarities in the Surnames of Island and Continental Populations of the North-Western Mediterranean Area

Lasker's coefficient of isonymy between and within 16 Sardinian villages in the periods 1825–1849, 1875–1899, and 1925–1949

Analysis of the French National Registry of unrelated bone marrow donors, using surnames as a tool for improving geographical localisation of HLA haplotypes

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