Use of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale in Korea

Cho, Maeng Je; Kim, Kye Hee

doi:10.1097/00005053-199805000-00007

Cited by 355 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…While full analysis of the social significance of certain illnesses is beyond the scope of this paper, see Saint Arnault (in press). the depression scores on a variety of self-report depression screening instruments (Cho & Kim, 1998;Iwata & Buka, 2002;Iwata, Roberts & Norito, 1995;Iwata & Roberts, 1996;Iwata, Saito & Roberts, 1994;Iwata et al, 1998;Noh, Kasper and Chen, 1998). Therefore, the findings reported here may not accurately represent the incidence of depression in the women in these samples because of the avoidance of strong negative and positive emotional endorsement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Is There an Asian Idiom of Distress?

Arnault¹,

Kim²

2008

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing

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The term "idiom of distress" is used to describe culturally-specific experiences of suffering. Most of these studies have been conducted with small groups, making comparison of symptom profiles difficult. Female undergraduate and graduate students in Japan (N=50) and Korea (N=61) completed Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and seven-day dairy reports of their experiences of 46 somatic symptoms. Between-culture comparisons revealed that BDI scores did not differ; however, Korean women had significantly higher somatic distress means than the Japanese women. Despite the higher Korean distress mean, regression analysis showed that somatic distress explained 30% of the variance of BDI score for the Japanese, but only 22% of the variance for the Koreans. Within-culture comparisons showed that both the High BDI Japanese and Koreans had 19 somatic distress symptoms with significantly higher means than their Low BDI counterparts; eleven somatic symptoms were shared by the two groups. Multidimensional Scaling matrices were used to compare symptom proximities and revealed cultural differences. The problems with using broad racial categories in clinical research, the clinical significance of these findings, and implications for psychiatric nursing assessment and practice are discussed. KeywordsJapanese culture; Korean culture; Somatization; Emotional Depression; Experience Sampling Method; Cross-cultural comparison Healthcare practitioners and researchers interested in the cultural varieties of mental illness often encounter the phrase "idioms of distress." This concept has been used in medical anthropology and transcultural psychiatry to describe the culturally-specific experiences of psychosocial and physical suffering. There have been a significant number of clinical studies in both psychiatry and primary care reporting that Asians with psychological distress or depression exhibit more somatic distress complaints than Caucasians (Gureje, Simon, Ustin

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Is There an Asian Idiom of Distress?

Arnault¹,

Kim²

2008

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing

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“…These findings are in contrast to previous research from Japan 11) , which could be related to cultural differences 30) . Koreans tend to experience difficulty in expressing positive emotions, unlike individuals in other countries; this may be a consequence of Confucian ethics 31) . Therefore, negative emotions can be expressed more easily than positive emotions so that the former are a more precise barometer of elderly functional decline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, negative emotions can be expressed more easily than positive emotions so that the former are a more precise barometer of elderly functional decline. The aforementioned opposing feelings can have different effects on the prediction of functional decline according to ethnicity and culture 31) . Our findings have some important implications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive Mood and the Risk of Future Functional Decline in an Elderly Population

Cho

Hong

Park

et al. 2017

Ann Geriatr Med Res

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Background: As the elderly population increases in number, prediction and prevention of functional decline in this population are of great importance. This study evaluated whether depression in an elderly population could predict functional decline in activities of daily living and the components of instrumental activities of daily living 2 years after baseline. Methods: Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging panel, a national, representative sample of aging Koreans, were used. The subjects were the elderly aged 65 years or older who had no disabilities that hindered them from performing activities of daily living at baseline. Depression was measured using the Short-form (10-item) Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of functional impairment according to baseline depression. Results: Of the 3,477 participants, 166 (4.8%) showed at least 1 impairment in the 7 activities of daily living (ADL) categories after 2 years. The participants with depression (scored 15 or higher on the depression scale) were more likely to have functional decline 2 years later (odds ratio, 1.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-2.71). All the components of the ADL had an increased tendency to develop functional decline (all odds ratios>1.00). Furthermore, negative items were significantly associated with functional decline (all p-values adjusted for trend<0.05). Conclusion: The participants with depression were more likely to have functional decline 2 years later. Such decline was observed in all types of ADL. Therefore, depression should be monitored and used as a predictor of functional decline in elderly adults.

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“…Cho, Nam, and Suh [1] studied the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Korean adults. They found that 25.3% of Korean adults had depression scores above the cutoff of 16 on the Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and 8.6% of those had depression scores above 25 [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, no study has ever tested this model with South Korean participants. Previous studies have reported the differences in response patterns between American and Korean participants to items on the CES-D [1]. For example, Cho and Kim (1998) reported that Korean participants scored lower on the anhedonia subscale than their American counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factor Structure of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in South Korea

Aoki¹,

Tsuda²,

Horiuchi³

et al. 2014

OJMP

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Results of previous studies from North America reported that only 14 out of the 20 items from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were required to assess negative affect, somatic symptoms, and anhedonia. However, it remains unclear whether this three-factor structure of the CES-D would be valid in South Korea. The purpose of this study is to examine the validity of the three-factor structure with a Korean version of the CES-D. The participants were Korean college students (N = 215), elementary school teachers (N = 234), and parents of elementary school students (N = 230). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine the scale's validity. Results indicated that the three-factor structure showed acceptable fit to data (comparative fit index = 0.95; root mean square error of approximation = 0.06). The findings indicated that the three-factor structure of the CES-D was valid in South Korea.

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Use of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale in Korea

Cited by 355 publications

References 23 publications

Is There an Asian Idiom of Distress?

Is There an Asian Idiom of Distress?

Depressive Mood and the Risk of Future Functional Decline in an Elderly Population

Factor Structure of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in South Korea

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