Use of the Chloroplast Gene ycf1 for the Genetic Differentiation of Pine Nuts Obtained from Consumers Experiencing Dysgeusia

Handy, Sara M.; Parks, Matthew; Deeds, Jonathan R.; Liston, Aaron; Jager, Lowri S. de; Luccioli, Stefano; Kwegyir-Afful, Ernest E.; Fardin‐Kia, Ali Reza; Begley, Timothy H.; Rader, Jeanne I.; Diachenko, Gregory W.

doi:10.1021/jf203215v

Cited by 23 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The results showed a perfect match with P. armandii. So far, P. armandii is the only pine nut species associated with PNS [2,4].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From 2009 through 2011, thousands of people in Europe and the USA have experienced and reported symptoms of pine nut-related dysgeusia [1,2]. Pine nut-related dysgeusia is, in the public, referred to as pine mouth syndrome, or pine nut syndrome (PNS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PNS is, however, still relatively unknown, as most cases have been described within the past 3 years. Despite the recent scientific focus, the causative agent responsible for PNS is not known, but the dysgeusia have so far been related to pine nuts from the species of P. armandii [2,4]. A few PNS cases have been reported [3,5], but to our knowledge, no controlled trials have yet been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Trial Investigating the Symptoms Related to Pine Nut Syndrome

Ballin

2012

J. Med. Toxicol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the last few years, thousands of cases of pine nut-related dysgeusia have been reported. The symptoms involved are predominantly related to taste disturbances such as a constant bitter or metallic taste. The taste disturbance has been reported to occur 1-2 days after ingestion of pine nuts from the species of Pinus armandii. This paper describes a small trial where six volunteers consumed six to eight pine nuts suspected to cause dysgeusia. Incubation periods, symptoms and their duration were recorded. The trial showed that all subjects had developed symptoms of pine nut-related dysgeusia. Four out of six subjects experienced the classical bitter and metallic taste 1-2 days after ingestion. Two subjects experienced minor symptoms such as dryness and a sensation of enlarged tonsils. After the disappearance of symptoms, laboratory tests determined the pine nuts to originate from the species of P. armandii. A follow-up conversation with the subjects after 1 year showed no recurrent symptoms.

show abstract

“…The results showed a perfect match with P. armandii. So far, P. armandii is the only pine nut species associated with PNS [2,4].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Trial Investigating the Symptoms Related to Pine Nut Syndrome

Ballin

2012

J. Med. Toxicol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The demand for pine nuts by consumers in the US has increased for the last 10 years [18]. This trend might be explained by a recent Irish study that gave evidence that nut consumption can help in decreasing the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and sudden cardiac arrest [29].…”

Section: Production and Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Handy et al [18] mentioned Pinus edulis Engelm, P. monophylla Torr and Frém, P. pumila (Pallas) Regel, P. sibirica, P. wallichiana A. B. Jacks, P. tabuliformis Carr., P. yunnanensis Franch., P. gerardiana, P. koraiensis, P. massoniana Lamb, as the most relevant species exported worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine Nuts: A Review of Recent Sanitary Conditions and Market Development

Awan

Pettenella

2017

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pine nuts are non-wood forest products (NWFP) with a constantly growing market notwithstanding a series of phytosanitary issues and related trade problems. The aim of this paper is to review the literature on the relationship between phytosanitary problems and trade development. Production and trade of pine nuts in Mediterranean Europe have been negatively affected by the spreading of Diplodia sapinea (a fungus) associated with an adventive insect Leptoglossus occidentalis (fungal vector), with impacts on forest management, production and profitability and thus in value chain organization. Reduced availability of domestic production in markets with a growing demand has stimulated the import of pine nuts. China has become a leading exporter of pine nuts, but its export is affected by a symptom caused by the nuts of some pine species: 'pine nut syndrome' (PNS). Most of the studies mentioned in the literature review concern PNS occurrence associated with the nuts of Pinus armandii. We highlight the need for a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of the pine nuts value chain organization, where research on food properties and clinical toxicology may be connected to breeding and forest management, forest pathology and entomology, and trade development.

show abstract

Is the Profile of Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, and Amino Acids Suitable to Differentiate Pinus armandii Suspicious to Be Responsible for the Pine Nut Syndrome from Other Pinus Species?

Matthäus

et al. 2017

Chemistry & Biodiversity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pinus armandii is suspicious to be responsible for the Pine Nut Syndrome, a long lasting bitter and metallic taste after the consumption of pine nuts. To find chemical characteristic features for the differentiation of P. armandii from other Pinus species, 41 seed samples of the genus Pinus from 22 plant species were investigated regarding the content and the composition of fatty acids, tocopherols, and amino acids. The predominant fatty acids in the seed oils were linoleic acid (35.2 -58.2 g/100 g), oleic acid (14.6 -48.5 g/100 g), and pinolenic acid (0.2 -22.4 g/100 g), while the vitamin-E-active compounds were dominated by c-tocopherol. The amino acid composition was mainly characterized by arginine and glutamic acid with amounts between 0.9 and 8.9 g/100 g as well as 2.1 g/100 g and 8.3 g/100 mg. On the basis of this investigation, a Principle Component Analysis has been used to identify the most important components for the differentiation of P. armandii from other Pinus species. Using the data for glutamic acid, 20:2D 5,11 , 18:3D 5,9,12 , 18:1D 9 , and oil content, a classification of the 41 samples into four different groups by cluster analysis was possible, but the characteristic features of P. armandii were too close to some other members of the genus Pinus, making a clear differentiation of this species difficult. Nevertheless, the investigation showed the similarities of different members of the genus Pinus with regard to fatty acids, vitamin-E-active compounds, and amino acids.

show abstract

Use of the Chloroplast Gene ycf1 for the Genetic Differentiation of Pine Nuts Obtained from Consumers Experiencing Dysgeusia

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

A Trial Investigating the Symptoms Related to Pine Nut Syndrome

A Trial Investigating the Symptoms Related to Pine Nut Syndrome

Pine Nuts: A Review of Recent Sanitary Conditions and Market Development

Is the Profile of Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, and Amino Acids Suitable to Differentiate Pinus armandii Suspicious to Be Responsible for the Pine Nut Syndrome from Other Pinus Species?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About