Use of the Safety Factor and Margin of Safety in Motorcyclist Accident Risk Management

Costa, Don Gaspar Noesaku da; Malkhamah, Siti; Suparma, Latif Budi

doi:10.14716/ijtech.v9i4.941

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This situation is coupled with the lack of rest time during shifts, combined with a lack of sleep, which trigger fatigue amongst the workers. Fatigue has also been commonly found as the cause of accidents in other fields, such as in road transportation (Zuraida et al, 2017;da Costa et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) in the Evaluation of Outpatient Medication Errors

Widyanti¹,

Reyhannisa²

2020

IJTech

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Medication errors happen frequently, meaning there is an urgent need for a systematic analysis tool to minimize their occurrence. The aim of this study is to implement the Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), a tool used in human error identification, in the case of outpatient medication errors. Nine such cases that occurred in a pharmacy unit of an Indonesian hospital were evaluated by 40 participants, consisting of the Head of the Pharmacy Department, the heads of units under this department, pharmacists, and staff of the Patient Safety Unit. An HFACS questionnaire developed by the United States Department of Defense was adopted in an Indonesian context. Each participant was asked to evaluate four or five cases of medication errors based on items in the questionnaire. The results show that the causes of such errors mainly lie in the layers of unsafe acts (performance-based error), precondition of acts (mental awareness), and organizational influence (an organizational instruction or policy which creates an unsafe situation). Breaking down the HFACS into its sublayers, the most prevalent causes of medication error found in this study were information overload and fatigue, although the level of agreement among the participants when giving HFACS ratings was low. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of the results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) in the Evaluation of Outpatient Medication Errors

Widyanti¹,

Reyhannisa²

2020

IJTech

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“…Saat menurunkan gigi persneling ini mesin kendaraan membuat laju kendaraan melambat (engine brake force) sebesar 1,6 m/det 2 . Sementara itu, setelah pengemudi sepeda motor memutuskan mengerem kendaraannya, perlambatan yang terjadi (deceleration rate caused by brake) sebesar 6,75 m/det 2 dengan deviasi standar 2,12 m/det 2 (Costa et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Analisis Risiko Kecelakaanunclassified

“…Sebelum membuat keputusan atas gangguan yang muncul di depannya, pengemudi membutuhkan waktu reaksi untuk mempercepat, memperlambat, menghentikan, atau melakukan manuver untuk menghindar. Waktu reaksi pengemudi sepeda motor di Yogyakarta adalah sebesar 0,53 detik dengan deviasi standar 0,23 detik (Costa et al, 2018b). Pada rentang waktu reaksi ini, kendaraan melaju dengan dengan kecepatan dan percepatan atau perlambatan yang sama dengan dengan kecepatan dan percepatan atau perlambatan saat pengemudi melihat objek.…”

Section: Analisis Risiko Kecelakaanunclassified

Risiko Kecelakaan Sepeda Motor Pada Simpang Prioritas

Susanto¹,

Malkhamah²,

Suparma³

2020

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Traffic safety is an important requirement in highway planning and design. Many studies related to accident risk analysis have been carried out, but practical applications are still not widely found, especially for accident risk analysis at priority junctions. This study aims to determine the speed and acceleration of motorcyclist behavior entering a junction. It was conducted by measuring the speed of a motorcycle when entering the junction at 150 m, 100 m, and 50 meters before the point of the potential conflict. If the critical gap is longer than the stopping distance (a combination of the reaction time and braking time), the motorcycle will be safe. The results showed that motorcyclist decelerates the speed when entering the junction. The change in speed starts at 50 to 100 meters before the conflict. Motorcyclists will be safe if the speed is less than 65.8 km/h at 50 meters before entering the junction. Keywords: traffic safety, accident risk analysis, priority junction, speed Abstrak Keselamatan adalah faktor utama dalam perencanaan dan perancangan fasilitas jalan. Berbagai penelitian yang berhubungan dengan analisis risiko kecelakaan telah banyak dilakukan, namun aplikasi praktisnya masih belum banyak dijumpai terutama untuk analisis risiko kecelakaan pada simpang prioritas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku kecepatan dan percepatan sepeda motor saat memasuki simpang, sehingga dapat dilakukan analisis terhadap potensi risiko sepeda motor saat memasuki simpang prioritas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengukur kecepatan sepeda motor saat memasuki simpang pada jarak 150 m, 100 m, dan 50 m sebelum titik konflik. Apabila celah kritis lebih panjang dari jarak henti (gabungan dari pengaruh waktu reaksi dan waktu pengereman), maka sepeda motor tersebut dapat dikategorikan selamat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa saat memasuki simpang sebagian besar sepeda motor melakukan perlambatan. Perubahan kecepatan mulai terjadi pada jarak antara 50 sampai 100 meter sebelum titik konflik. Sepeda motor akan aman apabila pada kecepatan sebelum simpang tidak melebihi 65,8 km/jam. Kata-kata kunci: keselamatan lalu lintas, analisis risiko kecelakaan, simpang prioritas, kecepatan

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“…Accordingly, since the delay time was approximately 2 minutes, some motorcyclists became impatient and insisted on crossing the intersection speculatively depending on the distance to the nearest upcoming vehicles and their predicted approaching speed. Average critical crossing gap choices of 20 m [25] occurred due to this drawback and speculative situations, but only when the average approaching speed was around 40-60 km/h. The distance to the nearest upcoming vehicles is referred to as the available SSD, which can be used to determine the safety factor (SF).…”

Section: Accident Risk Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Systematic Approach in Accident Risk Analysis for Motorcyclists: A Conceptual Idea

Costa

Malkhamah

Suparma

2018

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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Thus far, minimum stopping sight distance (SSD) is determined based on design speed, a minimum reaction time of 1.64 s and a deceleration rate of 3.4 m/s², whereas in certain situations the latter can be shorter than 1 s and higher than 4.5 m/s². Awareness of this can trigger speculative behavior, as can be seen from the choice of speed and/or the critical crossing gap, which is often smaller than the recommended minimum SSD. This study focused on the development of an appropriate minimum SSD model that is suited to risky conditions at an unsignalized intersection and its possible usage in accident risk evaluation, particularly for motorcyclists. The data were taken from direct measurements and related studies. Variables that potentially influence minimum SSD were tested. The results strongly suggest that the speed reduction achieved by downshifting significantly influences both the braking distance and the impact speed. Moreover, the minimum SSD obtained from the proposed model significantly differs from that obtained from a similar model recommended by AASHTO. Therefore, it is worthwhile to consider the application of the proposed minimum SSD as an accident probability indicator parameter.

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Use of the Safety Factor and Margin of Safety in Motorcyclist Accident Risk Management

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) in the Evaluation of Outpatient Medication Errors

Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) in the Evaluation of Outpatient Medication Errors

Risiko Kecelakaan Sepeda Motor Pada Simpang Prioritas

Use of Systematic Approach in Accident Risk Analysis for Motorcyclists: A Conceptual Idea

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