Use of ticarcillin in the management of canine otitis externa complicated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Twelve dogs were referred with purulent and proliferative otitis externa. Prior treatment included fluoroquinolones, glucocorticoids and polyvalent ear drops over seven days to five months. In all cases the vertical and horizontal ear canals were inflamed and thickened, with ruptured tympanic membranes in four cases. No abnormalities were seen on radiography of the osseous bullae. Numerous rod bacilli and degenerate neutrophils were seen on cytology. Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to fluoroquinolones and gentamicin was cultured in all cases. Treatment was initiated with 1 to 2 mg/kg prednisolone per os once daily, and a cleansing and drying ear cleaner followed by topical administration of injectable ticarcillin solution four times daily. Cases with ruptured tympanae also received 15 to 25 mg/kg ticarcillin three times daily intravenously until the membranes had healed. All cases were anaesthetised for repeated saline ear flushes until no further discharge was evident and no rods were seen on cytology. Topical ticarcillin and the ear cleaner were continued twice daily for 14 days after clinical resolution. The duration of treatment ranged from 14 to 36 days. Treatment was withdrawn in one case which developed a drug reaction. All other cases responded well with no adverse effects.

Evidence‐based veterinary dermatology: a systematic review of interventions for treatment ofPseudomonasotitis in dogs

“…Additional unpublished data provided by the authors were included in the analysis of one trial 17 . Nine studies were written in English 17–25 and two in French 15,16 The 10 trials reported data on 162 patients and 13 different pharmacological interventions. Three were controlled trials lacking randomization (quality of evidence: grade B) 15,16,23,25 and the others were open, uncontrolled studies (grade C) 17–22,24 .…”

“…Nine studies were written in English 17–25 and two in French 15,16 The 10 trials reported data on 162 patients and 13 different pharmacological interventions. Three were controlled trials lacking randomization (quality of evidence: grade B) 15,16,23,25 and the others were open, uncontrolled studies (grade C) 17–22,24 . Data from five of the trials were extracted from larger studies evaluating the efficacy of treatments for otic infections caused by various bacteria, yeast or parasites 19,20,22–24 .…”

“…Data from five of the trials were extracted from larger studies evaluating the efficacy of treatments for otic infections caused by various bacteria, yeast or parasites 19,20,22–24 . Five trials were limited to treatment of dogs with Pseudomonas otic infections 15–18,21,25 …”

Diagnosis and medical treatment of otitis externa in the dog and cat : review article

“…It is difficult to assess how often it is possible to make a specific primary diagnosis, as little data are available. A primary cause was identified in 8/12 cases of chronic, proliferative Pseudomonas otitis 40 and Griffin asserts that, 'In the majority of chronic ear cases I can find historical or physical evidence of the primary disease.' 18 It seems likely that the primary cause can be found in a reasonable number of cases and that predisposing, secondary and perpetuating causes can be identified and controlled in most.…”

Pharmacokinetics of Ticarcillin in the Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta Caretta) After Single Intravenous and Intramuscular Injections

“…30 In humans, the drug is excreted primarily unchanged in the urine. 1 Although it has been used for a wide variety of human infections, 1 its veterinary use has been limited primarily to dogs 7,9,16,27 and horses, 20,[23][24][25]28 with investigational use in dairy cows 15 and sheep. 4 Ticarcillin and carbenicillin may have very similar efficacies, 14 except that ticarcillin has increased activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, gramnegative bacilli, and less activity against gram-positive cocci.…”