Use of Total Body Electrical Conductivity to Predict Northern Bobwhite Lipid Mass

Frawley, Brian J.; Osborne, David A.; Weeks, Harmon P.; Burger, L. Wes; Dailey, Thomas V.

doi:10.2307/3802659

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…TOBEC estimates fat-free wet mass with an associated amount of error, but because fat is such a small component of body mass in many small birds and mammals, accurate estimates of fat content using this method are compromised (Zuercher et al 1997;Frawley et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If measuring variation in body fat is of primary concern, there is an alternative method that can be applied to live animals; total body electronic conductivity (TOBEC) (Walsberg 1988) has been used in studies of mammalian and avian energetics (e.g., Voltura and Wunder 1998;Bachman and Widemo 1999) and requires a species-specific calibration curve (Frawley et al 1999). TOBEC estimates fat-free wet mass with an associated amount of error, but because fat is such a small component of body mass in many small birds and mammals, accurate estimates of fat content using this method are compromised (Zuercher et al 1997;Frawley et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluating body condition in small mammals

Schulte‐Hostedde¹,

Millar²,

Hickling³

2001

Can. J. Zool.

104

141

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Body condition (energy reserves) can have important fitness consequences. Measuring condition of live animals is typically done by regressing body mass on measures of body size and using the residuals as an index of condition. The validity of this condition index was evaluated by determining whether it reflected measured fat content of five species of small mammals (yellow-pine chipmunks (Tamias amoenus Allen), bushy-tailed wood rats (Neotoma cinerea Ord), deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus Ord), red-backed voles (Clethrionomys gapperi Vigors), and meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord)). We also determined whether body water could predict fat content, enabling the use of hydrogen-isotope dilution for estimating condition. For all five species, condition estimates weakly predicted fat content and more accurately predicted variation in lean dry mass and water content. The relationship between body water and fat content was inconsistent among the five species, discouraging against the general use of isotope dilution in these animals. Although ecologically important, these indices are best interpreted as explaining variation in all constituents of body composition.Résumé : La condition physique (réserves énergétiques) peut avoir une influence importante sur le fitness. La mesure de la condition physique d'animaux vivants se fait généralement par une régression de la masse du corps en fonction de mesures de la taille du corps, les résidus servant de coefficient de condition. La validité de ce coefficient de condition a été évaluée en déterminant s'il reflète bien le contenu lipidique mesuré chez cinq petits mammifères (le Tamia amène (Tamias amoenus Allen), le Néotoma à queue touffue (Neotoma cinerea Ord), la Souris à pattes blanches (Peromyscus maniculatus Ord), le Campagnol-à-dos-roux de Gapper (Clethrionomys gapperi Vigors) et le Campagnol des champs (Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord). Nous avons également tenté de déterminer si le contenu hydrique du corps permet de prédire le contenu lipidique, ce qui justifierait l'utilisation d'une dilution des isotopes d'hydrogène pour estimer la condition physique. Chez les cinq espèces, les indices de la condition physique se sont révélés des indicateurs mé-diocres du contenu lipidique; ils permettent toutefois de prédire plus exactement la masse du corps sans les graisses, la masse sèche et le contenu en eau. La relation entre le contenu hydrique et le contenu lipidique n'est pas la même chez les cinq espèces, ce qui nous empêche de recommander la méthode de dilution des isotopes chez ces animaux. Malgré leur intérêt écologique, c'est comme facteurs explicatifs de la variation de toutes les composantes du corps que ces indices semblent le plus utiles.[Traduit par la Rédaction] 1029Schulte-Hostedde et al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating body condition in small mammals

Schulte‐Hostedde¹,

Millar²,

Hickling³

2001

Can. J. Zool.

104

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Total-body electrical conductivity (TOBEC) instruments have been used to measure the differences in electrical properties of lean tissue and body fat and can theoretically predict three body composition components: body water content, lean mass, and fat mass. However, these devices vary heavily in their precision and accuracy and, thus, their actual ability to measure the different parameters of body composition (Walsberg 1988;Castro et al 1990;Zuercher et al 1997;Frawley et al 1999;Unangst and Wunder 2001). For instance, Zuercher et al (1997) noted that two different TOBEC instruments produced poor fat estimates from lean mass predictions, and neither could be used to accurately measure changes in total body fat of individual voles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Dual‐Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Can Accurately and Nondestructively Measure the Body Composition of Small, Free‐Living Rodents

Stevenson

Tets²

2008

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a nondestructive technique that can potentially measure specific components of whole-body composition in free-living and lab-raised animals. Our aim was to test the ability of DXA to measure the composition of a common arvicoline rodent, the northern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilus). We used a DXA apparatus to obtain measurements of fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM),bone mineral content, bone mineral density, and fat-free mass(FFM) in carcasses of free-living and lab-raised voles. We then used chemical carcass analysis to derive predictive algorithms for actual values of FM, total body water, total protein, total mineral, LM, and FFM. Unexplained error in the equations for all voles grouped collectively ranged from R(2) = 0.82 to R(2) = 0.98. The DXA FM measurement had the highest coefficient of variation, and it was higher for free-living voles than for lab-raised voles. However, FM can be determined by difference with excellent precision by using the FFM equation (R(2) = 0.98). We also derived corrective terms for passive integrated transponder-tagged animals. Thus, DXA is a nonlethal, nondestructive tool capable of precisely and accurately measuring many specific parameters of whole-body composition in small free-living and lab-raised rodents.

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“…There are a number of non‐invasive methods to estimate fat content, the size of the pectoral muscle or other organs in living birds (reviewed by Gessaman 1999, Piersma & Klaassen 1999, see also Dietz et al. 1999, Frawley et al. 1999, Rogers 2003, Korine et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimating fat and protein fuel from fat and muscle scores in passerines

Salewski

Kéry

Herremans³

et al. 2009

Ibis

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Fat is the prime energy source for birds during prolonged exercise, but protein is also catabolized. Estimates of the amount of catabolizable fat and protein (termed fat and protein fuel) are therefore important for studying energetics of birds. As fat and protein fuel can only be measured by sacrificing individuals or by use of technically complex methods, scoring systems were invented to estimate fat and protein fuel of birds in the field. The visible subcutaneous fat deposits and the thickness of the flight muscles are each scored on an ordinal scale but these scales do not correspond linearly to fat and protein fuel within species, which is needed for analyses such as flight range estimates. We developed an ANOVA-type model to estimate fat and protein fuel from fat scores (FS) and muscle scores (MS) along with total mass and a size measurement. Using data from 11 337 individuals of eight passerine species (Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos, Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus, Melodious Warbler Hippolais polyglotta, Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus, Orphean Warbler Sylvia hortensis, Garden Warbler Sylvia borin, Common Whitethroat Sylvia communis, Subalpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans) mist-netted in Mauritania, West Africa, we tested for independence of FS and MS and for variation in the relationship between scores and associated mass in response to physiological state. FS, MS and third primary length (size) explained variation in body mass of all eight species analysed (R 2 : 0.56-0.77). The parameter estimates of the model showed that fat and protein fuel increased monotonically with increasing fat and muscle scores. In two species we found small differences in the estimates between physiological states (seasons). We evaluated our model by comparing the predicted body mass of birds with both FS and MS equal to 0 with the mean body mass of individuals mist-netted with both scores equal to zero. The values were very close. The amount of fat extracted from dead Garden and Willow Warblers was within the range of predicted fat fuel derived from the model. We conclude that our model is a useful non-invasive method to estimate simultaneously mean fat and protein fuel of small passerines and we provide recommendations on its use.

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Use of Total Body Electrical Conductivity to Predict Northern Bobwhite Lipid Mass

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluating body condition in small mammals

Evaluating body condition in small mammals

Dual‐Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Can Accurately and Nondestructively Measure the Body Composition of Small, Free‐Living Rodents

Estimating fat and protein fuel from fat and muscle scores in passerines

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