Use of vitrified MSWI bottom ashes for concrete production

Ferraris, Monica; Salvo, Milena; Ventrella, Andrea; Buzzi, Luigi; Veglia, Massimo

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.07.014

Cited by 104 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The 28-day compressive strength of the MSW ash mixes was about 54.7 % lower than that of normal sand mixes. Ferraris et al (2009) investigated that the use of 20 wt% of VBA as cement filler or 75 vol% of VBA as a substitute for natural aggregate provided the same mechanical properties as those of reference samples. Sorlini et al (2011) examined uses of calcareous Portland cement 42.5R and natural aggregate with 24 % replacement by washed BA in concrete having a characteristic 28-day compressive strength of 20 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to this, BA tends to undergo expansive and swelling reactions that are related to the presence of metallic aluminum or aluminum compounds (Müller and Rübner 2006). In order to reduce the secondary environmental pollution, some treatments have been proposed to reduce detrimental reactions (Gerven et al 2005;Ferraris et al 2009;Pera et al 1997;Cheeseman et al 2005;Chang et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BA alone has rarely been studied as a raw material in the formulation of cement and concrete. Additionally, BA has often been subjected to expensive treatment such as vitrification (Ferraris et al 2009), dipping in sodium hydroxide (Pera et al 1997), rapid sintering (Cheeseman et al 2005) or refusederived fuel incineration (Chang et al 1999). There have been few studies on the use of washed MSWI BA as the only substitution material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Use of MSWI Bottom Ash in Concrete

Zhang

Zhao

2014

Int J Concr Struct Mater

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An experimental investigation was carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of concrete mixtures in which coarse aggregate was partially (30, 50 or 70 %) replaced with pre-washed municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash. Results indicated that bottom ash reduced the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and levels of heavy metals in leachate when used as a replacement for gravel, and that the maximum amount of MSWI bottom ash in concrete should not exceed 50 %. To analyze the effect mechanism of bottom ash in concrete, the degree of hydration and the following pozzolanic reaction characterized by the pozzolanic activity index, and the porosity distribution in cement mortar. The study indicates that improved properties of concrete are not solely later strength gain and reduced levels of heavy metals in leachate but also the progression of pozzolanic reactions, where a dense structure contains a higher proportion of fine pores that are related to durability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Use of MSWI Bottom Ash in Concrete

Zhang

Zhao

2014

Int J Concr Struct Mater

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“…Municipal solid waste incineration enables to reduce the mass of original waste by up to 70% (volume by up to 90%) and recovery energy (approximately 200 kWh ton-1 ) (Arickx et al 2006;Su et al 2013). MSWI produces two mains type of by-products: bottom (BA) and fly (FA) ashes (in amount of about 33% of the incinerated waste (Qiao et al 2008;Ferraris et al 2009;Gori et al 2011). BA accounts for 85-95% of all the residues produced during MSWI (Rednek et al 2006;Rosende et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), such as vitrification (Toraldo et al 2013;Ferraris et al 2009), water washing (Kuo et al 2013), full metal separation (Olsson et al 2009) and weathering (natural and accelerated) (Arickx et al 2006;Gori et al 2011;Santos et al 2013;Valle-Zermeño et al 2013;Valle-Zermeño et al 2015), for MSWI bottom ash stabilization. Bottom ash pre-treatment technologies requires additional costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Leaching of MSWI Bottom Ash: Effect of Short-term Natural Weathering

Seniūnaitė

Vasarevičius

2017

Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering"

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Abstract. Municipal solid wastes incineration (MSWI) is an important part of the waste management systems in many European countries. Incineration process generates two main by-products: fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA). Bottom ash is composed of a variety of oxides, heavy metals and salts. Landfilling of untreated (fresh) BA can cause soil, surface and ground water contamination problems, because atmospheric precipitation in BA formed leachate, which contains of various materials. In this study investigates the influence of natural weathering to heavy metals leaching from BA. Leaching tests of bottom ash were carried out in 6 months, leachate samples were taken at 12 times (every 2 weeks). Heavy metals (Pb, Cu) concentrations were determined by atomic adsorption of spectral analysis method. The research shown, that the highest lead and copper concentration was determinated in 2 weeks weathered bottom ash leachate, respectively was 0.613 mg l -1 and 0.068 mg l -1 . In both cases the concentration of Pb (0.010-0.052 mg l -1 ) and Cu (0.010-0.018 mg l -1 ) became almost stable after 12 weeks. Can be concluded, that short-term (3 months) natural weathering is sufficient time for stabilise MSWI bottom ash and heavy metals (Cu and Pb) leaching. After 18-24 weeks heavy metals concentrations stabilized and remained almost constant.

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Recovery of Phosphate Sludge as Concrete Supplementary Material

Doğan¹,

Karpuzcu

2010

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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The automotive industry plays a major role in the worldwide economy and represents an opportunity to increase the performance of the Turkish economy. Phosphating units in the automotive manufacturing plants generate phosphate sludge as waste, which is classified as hazardous waste in the European Waste Catalogue. Phosphate sludge must be disposed of in licensed disposal plants according to the current environmental regulations. Solidification/stabilization (S/S) is a widely used treatment technology for the disposal of hazardous wastes. Portland cement is used for the solidification and stabilization processes to immobilize Ni and Zn in the phosphate sludge as well as to create construction material to be used as cobble stone for pavement. Examination of products obtained by S/S processes is performed for two points: to determine the quality and to assess the environmental impacts. The phosphate sludge samples are subjected to chemical characterization and a size distribution analysis leaching test. Concrete for cobble stone was produced by the S/S process with the addition of phosphate sludge to replace sand. Tests for the quality of the product were carried out to determine compressive strength, permeability, and elasticity. At the end of the leaching test, elution concentrations of Zn and Ni while using water with pH values of 4.0, 5.4, and 9.0 were determined to be under the limit of inert material properties. Use of phosphate sludge should be considered as a sand replacement in the proportion of 1% of phosphate sludge to cement in concrete production, such as for cobble stone for pavement, without any adverse environmental impacts.

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Use of vitrified MSWI bottom ashes for concrete production

Cited by 104 publications

References 34 publications

Optimal Use of MSWI Bottom Ash in Concrete

Optimal Use of MSWI Bottom Ash in Concrete

Heavy Metals Leaching of MSWI Bottom Ash: Effect of Short-term Natural Weathering

Recovery of Phosphate Sludge as Concrete Supplementary Material

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