Use of Wastes in Developing Mortar – A Review

Naganathan, Sivakumar; Silvadanan, Sonny; Chung, Tang Yew; Nicolasselvam, Mark Francis; Thiruchelvam, Sivadass

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.935.146

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…e reference mixtures (C refers to the reference sample with cement only, while CS refers to the Advances in Civil Engineering reference sample with cement and superplasticizer) for the comparison with geopolymer mortar were made with ordinary Portland CEM II (32 grade). In the preparation of the mortar mixes, natural dry sand with a specific gravity � 2.62 Mg/m 3 and a particle size � 0/2 FP washed plastering sand Gf85 [39] has been utilized as fine aggregate. As an alkaline solution (Al), a combination of sodium silicate (SS) and sodium hydroxide (SH) has been employed to prepare the geopolymer specimens.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Molar Proportion of Sodium Hydroxide and Water Amount on the Compressive Strength of Slag/Metakaolin (Waste Materials) Geopolymer Mortar

Al-Husseinawi

Atherton

Al-Khafaji

et al. 2022

Advances in Civil Engineering

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This investigation aimed to improve great early geopolymer mortar strengths under various parameters with various binder proportions to reduce the use of cement since the OPC production process leads to high emissions of CO2. Hence, to solve this problem, alternative materials were used. In this research, metakaolin (MK) and ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) waste materials were utilized and mixed together with the sodium hydroxide and alkaline activator sodium silicate (NaOH and Na2SiO3). The performance of the various mixtures was assessed via compressive strength testing based on British standards. The compressive strength was found to be highly affected by molar proportion and water amount. The optimum strength was 77.8 MPa for a mix design of 95% GGBFS +5% MK and a 2.5 mass proportion between Na2SiO3 and NaOH (12 Molar), together with a 0.2 water/binder proportion.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Molar Proportion of Sodium Hydroxide and Water Amount on the Compressive Strength of Slag/Metakaolin (Waste Materials) Geopolymer Mortar

Al-Husseinawi

Atherton

Al-Khafaji

et al. 2022

Advances in Civil Engineering

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“…Concrete and mortar are the primary materials used in construction and are major contributors to the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere [1,2]. This is particularly true for the manufacturing process of cement, which requires a significant amount of energy [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Computing Modeling Including Artificial Neural Network, Non-linear, and Linear Regression Models to Predict the Compressive Strength of Sustainable Mortar Modified with Palm Oil Fuel Ash

Karim,

Rafiq,

Ahmad

et al. 2024

Constr.

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Producing sustainable concrete and mortar is the idea that have been investigated by many researchers in the world through using waste materials in the mortar or concrete compositions to reduce the thread on the environment. In order to predict the compressive strength of mortar, this article proposes statistical models utilising linear regression (LR), nonlinear regression (NLR), and artificial neural network (ANN) based on experimental data collected from prior research in the field. The pozzolanic material used in mortar is agricultural waste, specifically Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA). In order to choose the most efficient model, the proposed models were evaluated using several statistical parameters. When compared to alternative models (Linear regression, nonlinear regression, and ANN), the one developed using ANN proved to be the most efficient in terms of approach, giving lower values for root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) which were 5.11, and 4.175 respectively. The suggested ANN model performed well according to the scatter index (SI), and the coefficient of determination value (R2) value was 34% more than the R2 in the LR model and 23% greater in the NLR model.

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“…CRT waste recycling by vitrification as an energy-consuming process is economically viable only by generating new glass-based products with high market value, such as cellular glasses [13][14][15][16], glass ceramics [17][18][19][20], ceramic glazes [21][22][23][24], and composites [25][26][27][28]. Another recycling trend that avoids the economic disadvantages associated with vitrification is for construction and infrastructure industries as a substitute for aggregates in cementitious matrices for concretes and mortars [29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Glass Ceramic Materials Obtained from Cathode Ray Tubes Glass Wastes and Fly Ash

et al. 2023

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This paper presents an alternative way to recycle cathode ray tube glass waste, together with fly ash and kaolin, into new glass ceramic materials. The samples were obtained using three firing temperatures: 700, 800, and 900 °C. The effect of the fly ash/CRT waste ratio upon the materials’ firing shrinkage, apparent density, apparent and total porosity, chemical stability, and compression strength was investigated. The firing shrinkage used as a dimensional stability parameter, a firing shrinkage range between 2.19–8.18%, was positively influenced by the waste mix amount. The apparent density of the obtained materials is positively affected by the heat treatment temperature, rising from 2.09 to 2.93 (g·cm−3), while the apparent porosity decreases with the increase of the firing temperature from 6.08 to 2.24 %. All the studied glass ceramics show very good chemical stability and complete immobilization of the Pb2+ and Ba2+ ions in the glass ceramic matrix. The compression strength of the sintered materials ranges between 1.42–11.83 (N·mm−2), being positively influenced by the kaolin amount and negatively influenced by porosity. The obtained results confirm the viability of the proposed alternative to use CRT waste and fly ash together with kaolin to obtain glass ceramic materials that can be used for outdoor paving applications.

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Use of Wastes in Developing Mortar – A Review

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

The Impact of Molar Proportion of Sodium Hydroxide and Water Amount on the Compressive Strength of Slag/Metakaolin (Waste Materials) Geopolymer Mortar

The Impact of Molar Proportion of Sodium Hydroxide and Water Amount on the Compressive Strength of Slag/Metakaolin (Waste Materials) Geopolymer Mortar

Soft Computing Modeling Including Artificial Neural Network, Non-linear, and Linear Regression Models to Predict the Compressive Strength of Sustainable Mortar Modified with Palm Oil Fuel Ash

New Glass Ceramic Materials Obtained from Cathode Ray Tubes Glass Wastes and Fly Ash

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