Usefulness and limitations of polymerase chain reaction in the etiologic diagnosis of neurotoxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients

Anselmo, Lívia Maria Pala; Vilar, Fernando Crivelenti; Lima, José Eduardo; Yamamoto, Aparecida Yulie; Bollela, Valdes Roberto; Takayanagui, Osvaldo Massaiti

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2014.08.034

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Studies have been done for a neuropathological test of cerebral tissue in patients with infection by the virus of human immunodeiciency VHI/AIDS, to evaluate the difuse and spread brain multifocal lesions [36]. With immunohistochemistry there have been realized studies in diferent tissues to demonstrate T. gondii, such as ocular toxoplasmosis [37][38][39].…”

Section: Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Laboratory Diagnosis in Toxoplasma Infection

Ramírez¹,

Orozco²,

Ramírez³

2017

Toxoplasmosis

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The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is of great importance due to the damage caused by this parasite in immunosuppressed people or in pregnant women, the diagnosis of an active toxoplasmosis represents a sign to initiate a pharmacological treatment immediately. The diagnosis of Toxoplasma can be performed with direct methods through intraperitoneal inoculation of serum or cerebrospinal luid, in susceptible mice evaluating the survival and detection of tachyzoites of biological samples. Indirect methods detecting the IgM and IgG isotypes against Toxoplasma have been the tools mostly used and had leaded to discriminate between an active and acute, from a chronic toxoplasmosis. Molecular methods actually Toxoplasma-DNA identiication by molecular biology tests like the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allow the direct detection of the parasite. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLPs) have been used to identify three strain linages (type I, II and III). Recently, a high-resolution melting method was described to determine the genotype of the infection by Toxoplasma gondii directly from biological samples.

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Section: Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Laboratory Diagnosis in Toxoplasma Infection

Ramírez¹,

Orozco²,

Ramírez³

2017

Toxoplasmosis

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“…Definitive diagnosis is made by the identification of tachyzoites in brain tissue or the growth of the organism in brain tissue culture; however, these gold-standard diagnostics are infrequently obtained due to the high risk of morbidity and mortality with brain biopsy. A positive CSF PCR for T. gondii is highly suggestive of toxoplasma encephalitis, with a sensitivity of 87% when performed in CSF samples which were collected up to the seventh day of specific toxoplasmosis treatment (129,130). Of note, the specificity is variable for serum and CSF antibody testing, in particular since the IgM test can remain positive for months or years following acute infection (131), and clinical suspicion should always guide the interpretation of these diagnostic tests.…”

Section: Protozoan Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central Nervous System Infections

2016

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“…La réalisation d'une PCR Toxoplasma gondii dans le liquide céphalorachidien peut aider au diagnostic. Sa spécificité est de 100 % et sa sensibilité de 50 [28] à 86 % [29] si elle est réalisée moins de sept jours après l'initiation du traitement. La PCR plasmatique n'a pas été évaluée dans le cadre de l'atteinte cérébrale.…”

Section: Biologieunclassified

Toxoplasmose cérébrale

et al. 2015

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La toxoplasmose cérébrale est une infection parasitaire du système nerveux central du patient immunodéprimé pouvant engager le pronostic vital. Le diagnostic repose sur la mise en évidence d'un terrain à risque, de lésion(s) céré-brale(s) compatible(s) à l'imagerie cérébrale et de l'évolu-tion favorable sous traitement probabiliste. Le traitement symptomatique précoce de l'hypertension intracrânienne est un facteur essentiel de la prise en charge. Cette mise au point développe les aspects diagnostiques, thérapeutiques et pronostiques récents de cette infection chez le patient immunodéprimé. Mots clés Toxoplasmose · Cerveau · IRM · Pyriméthamine · SulfadiazineAbstract Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a life-threatening parasitic central nervous system infection in immunocompromised patients. Its diagnosis is based on the identification of a predisposing condition, a compatible brain imaging presentation and improvement under specific therapy. Symptomatic measures aiming at reducing raised intracranial pressure represent a key step in the management. This update focuses on diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this infection.

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Usefulness and limitations of polymerase chain reaction in the etiologic diagnosis of neurotoxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

The Laboratory Diagnosis in Toxoplasma Infection

The Laboratory Diagnosis in Toxoplasma Infection

Central Nervous System Infections

Toxoplasmose cérébrale

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