Usefulness of Elevations in Serum Choline and Free F2-Isoprostane to Predict 30-Day Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

LeLeiko, Rebecca M.; Vaccari, Christopher S.; Sola, Srikanth; Merchant, Nadya; Nagamia, Sameer; Thoenes, Martin; Khan, Bobby V.

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.04.047

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Atherosclerosis and inflammation have been identified as the key mechanisms underlying AMD. Increased F2-IsoPs have also been shown to be associated with atherosclerosis, [15][16][17] atherosclerotic CVD, 21,45,46 and markers of inflammation including serum amyloid A and C-reactive protein (CRP) in previous studies. [18][19][20][21][22] In addition, F2-IsoPs have also been shown to be associated with several proatherogenic factors including smoking, diabetes, and hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In line with this hypothesis, in the current study, those with higher levels of F2-isoPs had lower levels of BMI. It could also be due to selective mortality of those with higher levels of F2-IsoPs and diabetes, hypertension, or CVD 21,45 given that elevated levels of F2-IsoPs have been shown to predict the extent and severity of coronary artery disease. 51 In addition, CVD in the current study was self-reported and FIGURE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary Isoprostane Levels and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Sabanayagam

Lye

Januszewski

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. Oxidative stress, characterized by an excessive production of reactive oxygen intermediates has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We examined the association of urinary F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), a marker of lipid peroxidation and the most reliable marker of oxidative damage with AMD. METHODS.We included 238 adults with AMD and 390 age-and sex-matched controls without AMD who participated in a population-based cross-sectional study in Singapore (Singapore Chinese Eye Study, 2009-2011. AMD was graded from retinal photographs using the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading System. Urinary-free F2-IsoPs (pmol/mmol of creatinine) were measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The association between F2-IsoPs and AMD was examined using unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders including smoking, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and history of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS.Higher levels of F2-IsoPs were associated with AMD independent of potential confounders. Compared to quartile 1 (Q1) of F2-IsoPs, the multivariable odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of AMD in quartiles 2, 3, and 4 were 2.05 (1.26-3.32), 1.80 (1.10-2.94), and 1.76 (1.06-2.94), respectively. In subgroup analyses comparing Q4 to Q1, this association was stronger in women, those with BMI less than 25 kg/m 2 and those with hypertension, but no significant interaction was found (P interaction > 0.1 for each strata).CONCLUSIONS. Higher levels of urinary F2-IsoPs levels were associated with AMD independent of potential confounders in Chinese adults.Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, Asians, isoprostane, oxidative stress A ge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in older adults worldwide.1,2 Globally, 170 million adults have AMD, exerting a significant socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems.2,3 Despite significant research over decades, the pathogenesis of AMD is still not clear, and robust systemic biomarkers of AMD have not been identified yet. 4 Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their degradation by antioxidants, has recently been proposed to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AMD. [5][6][7] With advancing age, the retina becomes more susceptible to oxidative stress and damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) occurs early in the natural history of AMD.8 At physiological concentrations, ROS are involved in cell signaling and regulation of immune responses. 9 However, disproportionate levels of ROS with concurrent impairment of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants damage cellular proteins, membrane lipids, and DNA that eventually lead to tissue injury, cellular death 10 resulting in accumulation of detrimental products including intracellular lipofuscin, and extracellular drusen. 6Oxidation of membrane lipids or lipid pero...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Isoprostane Levels and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Sabanayagam

Lye

Januszewski

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Choline in plasma (Adamczyk et al 2006) or serum (LeLeiko et al 2009) has been associated with early events related to tissue ischemia, whereas whole-blood choline predicts events related to coronary plaque instability (such as myocardial infarction) during follow-up (Danne et al 2007), particularly in patients with low to moderate risk (Mockel et al 2008). The reported associations between ischemic heart diseases and choline in plasma versus whole blood are complex and somewhat inconsistent (Body et al 2009) and have been explained by activation of phospholipases A2 and D in ischemic heart tissue and activated blood cells, leading to release of choline into plasma and secondary uptake into blood cells (Danne et al 2007).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Choline and betaine in health and disease

Ueland

2010

J of Inher Metab Disea

480

388

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Choline is an essential nutrient, but is also formed by de novo synthesis. Choline and its derivatives serve as components of structural lipoproteins, blood and membrane lipids, and as a precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Pre-and postnatal choline availability is important for neurodevelopment in rodents. Choline is oxidized to betaine that serves as an osmoregulator and is a substrate in the betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase reaction, which links choline and betaine to the folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism. Choline and betaine are important sources of one-carbon units, in particular, during folate deficiency. Choline or betaine supplementation in humans reduces concentration of total homocysteine (tHcy), and plasma betaine is a strong predictor of plasma tHcy in individuals with low plasma concentration of folate and other B vitamins (B₂, B₆, and B₁₂) in combination TT genotype of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C->T polymorphism. The link to one-carbon metabolism and the recent availability of food composition data have motivated studies on choline and betaine as risk factors of chronic diseases previously studied in relation to folate and homocysteine status. High intake and plasma level of choline in the mother seems to afford reduced risk of neural tube defects. Intake of choline and betaine shows no consistent relation to cancer or cardiovascular risk or risk factors, whereas an unfavorable cardiovascular risk factor profile was associated with high choline and low betaine concentrations in plasma. Thus, choline and betaine showed opposite relations with key components of metabolic syndrome, suggesting a disruption of mitochondrial choline oxidation to betaine as part of the mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic syndrome.

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“…Notably, other work has revealed a positive association between blood choline levels and increased CVD risk [74][75][76]. In fact, whole-blood choline, plasma choline and serum choline have recently been characterized as emerging biomarkers to detect vulnerable plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) [77].…”

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphatidylcholine functional foods and nutraceuticals: A potential approach to prevent non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

Duric

Sivanesan

Bakovic

2012

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver condition in the developed world and may progress to more severe forms of disease such as cirrhosis or liver cancer. Thus, steps taken to reduce its prevalence through preventative nutritional approaches such as functional foods and nutraceuticals (FFN) should be pursued. It is well known that certain lipotropic nutrients such as choline and metabolites betaine and phosphatidylcholine (PC; lecithin) could prevent or alleviate fatty liver through a variety of mechanisms, including increased hepatic VLDL secretion. Animal and human studies have demonstrated clear protective effects of choline, betaine and PC for NAFLD as well as possible roles in CVD prevention from epidemiological data. Currently, choline consumption is below dietary recommendations due in large part to a general lack of understanding regarding the importance of this nutrient for human health. As lecithin is commonly added (in small amounts) in many processed foods due to its functional capabilities, it is projected that increasing its abundance in the food supply and increasing consumer education and acceptance of lecithin‐based functional foods and nutraceuticals may represent a progressive step towards preventing liver and whole‐body metabolic pathologies in many areas of the world.

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Usefulness of Elevations in Serum Choline and Free F2-Isoprostane to Predict 30-Day Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Cited by 59 publications

References 29 publications

Urinary Isoprostane Levels and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Urinary Isoprostane Levels and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Choline and betaine in health and disease

Phosphatidylcholine functional foods and nutraceuticals: A potential approach to prevent non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

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