Usefulness of two instruments in assessing depression among elderly Mexicans in population studies and for primary care

Sánchez-García, Sergio; Juárez‐Cedillo, Teresa; García-González, José Juan; Espinel-Bermúdez, Claudia; Gallo, Joseph J.; Wagner, Fernando A.; Vázquez-Estupiñán, Felipe; García-Peña, Carmen

doi:10.1590/s0036-36342008000600005

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Scores from 0 to 9 points indicated a “Normal” status (no depressive symptoms), 10 to 19 points indicated “Moderate depression,” and 20 to 30 points indicated “Severe depression” (15). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health status in older adults with social security in Mexico City: latent class analysis

et al. 2014

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Objective: To explore the oral health status through a latent class analysis in elderly social security beneficiaries from Southwest Mexico City. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study of beneficiaries of the State Employee Social Security and Social Services Institute (ISSSTE, in Spanish) and the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS, in Spanish) aged 60 years or older. Oral health conditions such as edentulism, coronal and root caries (DMFT and DFT ≥ 75 percentile), clinical attachment loss (≥ 4 mm), and healthy teeth (≤ 25 percentile) were determined. A latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to classify the oral health status of dentate patients. Results: In total, 336 patients were included (47.9% from the ISSSTE and 52.1% from the IMSS), with an average age of 74.4 (SD = 7.1) years. The 75th percentile of the DMFT = 23 and of the DFT = 2. Of the patients, 77.9% had periodontal disease. The 25th percentile of healthy teeth = 4. A three class model is adequate, with a high classification quality (Entropy = 0.915). The patients were classified as “Edentulous” (15.2%), “Class 1 = Unfavorable” (13.7%), “Class 2 = Somewhat favorable” (10.4%), and “Class 3 = Favorable” (60.7%). Using “Class 3 = Favorable” as a reference, there was an association (OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.8-6.4) between being edentulous and being 75 years of age and over, compared with the 60- to 74-year age group. Conclusion: The oral health in elderly social security beneficiaries is not optimal. The probability of becoming edentulous increases with age. A three-class model appropriately classifies the oral health dimensions in the elderly population. Key words:Elderly, Latent class analysis (LCA), oral health, social security, Mexico.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health status in older adults with social security in Mexico City: latent class analysis

et al. 2014

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“…In addition, the original CES-D scale did not include the question about having “a lot of energy”; this item was added as part of the abbreviated version of the scale included in the HRS. The CES-D scale, including the adapted version used in the MHAS, has been validated for use among older adult populations in Mexico (Aguilar-Navarro et al 2007; Sánchez-García et al 2008). The scale has a reliability coefficient of α=0.80 for our analytic sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Poverty and Depressive Symptoms for Older Adults in Mexico: A Life-Course Analysis

Torres

Wong

2013

J Cross Cult Gerontol

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This study applies life-course theories of latent (direct), pathway (indirect) and conditional effects in an analysis of childhood poverty on later-life depressive symptoms among older adults in Mexico. Data are from the 2001 Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS), a nationally representative sample of older adults born before 1951 (n=8696). Respondents had a mean of 3.6 past-week depressive symptoms and 71 % had no household sanitation facilities before age 10; this measure served as a proxy for childhood poverty. Childhood poverty is significantly related to scores on an adapted 9-item CES-D scale in the full model (b=0.27, p<0.001). This effect is partially mediated by four adult socio-economic status measures, although decomposition analysis reveals the mediation effect to be primarily driven by educational achievement. These findings have important implications for Mexico’s rapidly aging population as well as efforts for childhood poverty reduction and gains in education.

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“…Self-report of chronic diseases diagnosed by a doctor was listed for hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, stroke, nephropathy, heart disease, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and chronic pain, and a sum of each condition was used as a comorbidity index. Depressive symptoms were evaluated with the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) (Yesavage et al, 1982;Sanchez-Garcia et al, 2008). Cognitive impairment was assessed with a previously validated version of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) (Reyes de Beaman et al, 2004) and was used as a continuous variable.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with help‐seeking behaviors in Mexican older individuals with depressive symptoms: a cross‐sectional study

Pérez‐Zepeda

Arango-Lopera

Wagner

et al. 2013

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Objective Depression in the elderly is associated with multiple adverse outcomes, such as high health service utilization rates, low pharmacological compliance, and synergistic interactions with other comorbidities. Moreover, the help seeking process, which usually starts with the feeling “that something is wrong” and ends with appropriate medical care, is influenced by several factors. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with the pathway of help seeking among older adults with depressive symptoms. Methods A cross-sectional study of 60-year or older of community dwelling elderly belonging to the largest health and social security system in Mexico was done. A standardized interview explored the process of seeking health care in four dimensions: depressive symptoms, help seeking, help acquisition and specialized mental health. Results A total of 2,322 individuals were studied; from these, 67.14% (n=1,559) were women, and the mean age was 73.18 years (SD=7.02) 57.9% had symptoms of depression, 337 (25.1%) participants sought help, and 271 (80.4%) received help and 103 (38%) received specialized mental health care. In the stepwise model for not seeking help (χ2=81.66, p<0.0001), significant variables were female gender (OR=0.07 95% CI 0.511–0.958 p=0.026), health care use (OR 3.26 CI 95% 1.64–6.488, p=0.001). Number of years in school, difficulty in activities, SAST score and depression as a disease belief were also significant. Conclusions Appropriate mental health care is rather complex and is influenced by several factors. The main factors associated with help seeking were gender, education level, recent health service use, and the belief that depression is not a disease. Detection of subjects with these characteristics could improve care of elderly with depressive symptoms.

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Usefulness of two instruments in assessing depression among elderly Mexicans in population studies and for primary care

Abstract: Usefulness of two instruments in assessing depression among elderly Mexicans in population studies and for primary care.

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Oral health status in older adults with social security in Mexico City: latent class analysis

Oral health status in older adults with social security in Mexico City: latent class analysis

Childhood Poverty and Depressive Symptoms for Older Adults in Mexico: A Life-Course Analysis

Factors associated with help‐seeking behaviors in Mexican older individuals with depressive symptoms: a cross‐sectional study

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