“…It has a large number of unused frequencies and a small wavelength and has, thus, attracted considerable attention from both industry and academia [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. It allows many antenna elements to fit in a small physical space and can improve the spectral efficiency [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 ]. However, its high transceiver complexity and energy consumption make its practical application difficult to realize [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”