User gesticulation inside an automated vehicle with external communication can cause confusion in pedestrians and a lower willingness to cross

Colley, Mark; Wankmüller, Bastian; Mend, Tim; Väth, T; Rukzio, Enrico; Gugenheimer, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.trf.2022.03.011

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Questionnaire studies often utilize pictures or videos to introduce and compare different eHMI concepts, as well as gather measures of participant satisfaction, trust, willingness to cross, and eHMI clarity [27,66,68,69,88,89]. While these questionnaires are a beneficial first step in eHMI evaluation due to the wealth of data they can produce relatively inexpensively, they may not represent real-world behavior.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

External Human–Machine Interfaces for Automated Vehicles in Shared Spaces: A Review of the Human–Computer Interaction Literature

Brill

Payre

Debnath

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Given the rise of automated vehicles from an engineering and technical perspective, there has been increased research interest concerning the Human and Computer Interactions (HCI) between vulnerable road users (VRUs, such as cyclists and pedestrians) and automated vehicles. As with all HCI challenges, clear communication and a common understanding—in this application of shared road usage—is critical in order to reduce conflicts and crashes between the VRUs and automated vehicles. In an effort to solve this communication challenge, various external human–machine interface (eHMI) solutions have been developed and tested across the world. This paper presents a timely critical review of the literature on the communication between automated vehicles and VRUs in shared spaces. Recent developments will be explored and studies analyzing their effectiveness will be presented, including the innovative use of Virtual Reality (VR) for user assessments. This paper provides insight into several gaps in the eHMI literature and directions for future research, including the need to further research eHMI effects on cyclists, investigate the negative effects of eHMIs, and address the technical challenges of eHMI implementation. Furthermore, it has been underlined that there is a lack of research into the use of eHMIs in shared spaces, where the communication and interaction needs differ from conventional roads.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

External Human–Machine Interfaces for Automated Vehicles in Shared Spaces: A Review of the Human–Computer Interaction Literature

Brill

Payre

Debnath

et al. 2023

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When gestures align with the information provided by eHMI, pedestrians' willingness to cross the road in front of autonomous vehicles operating in yielding mode will increase. Conversely, it will decrease when gestures and eHMI information are inconsistent [12].…”

Section: Driver Gestures and Ehmimentioning

confidence: 98%

"It Must Be Gesturing Towards Me": Gesture-Based Interaction between Autonomous Vehicles and Pedestrians

Chang,

Chen,

Dong

et al. 2024

Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

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Interacting with pedestrians understandably and efficiently is one of the toughest challenges faced by autonomous vehicles (AVs) due to the limitations of current algorithms and external humanmachine interfaces (eHMIs). In this paper, we design eHMIs based on gestures inspired by the most popular method of interaction between pedestrians and human drivers. Eight common gestures were selected to convey AVs' yielding or non-yielding intentions at uncontrolled crosswalks from previous literature. Through a VR experiment (N1 = 31) and a following online survey (N2 = 394), we discovered significant differences in the usability of gesture-based eHMIs compared to current eHMIs. Good gesture-based eHMIs increase the efficiency of pedestrian-AV interaction while ensuring safety. Poor gestures, however, cause misinterpretation. The underlying reasons were explored: ambiguity regarding the recipient of the signal and whether the gestures are precise, polite, and familiar to pedestrians. Based on this empirical evidence, we discuss potential opportunities and provide valuable insights into developing comprehensible gesture-based eHMIs in the future to support better interaction between AVs and other road users. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in HCI.

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Pedestrians’ Interaction with eHMI-equipped Autonomous Vehicles: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review

Man,

Huang,

et al. 2025

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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User gesticulation inside an automated vehicle with external communication can cause confusion in pedestrians and a lower willingness to cross

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

External Human–Machine Interfaces for Automated Vehicles in Shared Spaces: A Review of the Human–Computer Interaction Literature

External Human–Machine Interfaces for Automated Vehicles in Shared Spaces: A Review of the Human–Computer Interaction Literature

"It Must Be Gesturing Towards Me": Gesture-Based Interaction between Autonomous Vehicles and Pedestrians

Pedestrians’ Interaction with eHMI-equipped Autonomous Vehicles: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review

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