User participation in implementation

Fleron, Benedicte Rex; Rasmussen, Rasmus Ole; Simonsen, Jesper; Hertzum, Morten

doi:10.1145/2348144.2348164

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This focus on implementation of the new technology as part of PD also therefore raises the notion of user participation in that implementation process. Fleron et al (2012) demonstrated this in the context of first designing an electronic whiteboard with healthcare practitioners, followed by healthcare practitioner-led implementation of that whiteboard at two emergency departments. Notably, this work investigated differences in the experiences between staff who did and did not participate in this implementation process.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

LEADOR: A Method for End-To-End Participatory Design of Autonomous Social Robots

2021

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Participatory design (PD) has been used to good success in human-robot interaction (HRI) but typically remains limited to the early phases of development, with subsequent robot behaviours then being hardcoded by engineers or utilised in Wizard-of-Oz (WoZ) systems that rarely achieve autonomy. In this article, we present LEADOR (Led-by-Experts Automation and Design Of Robots), an end-to-end PD methodology for domain expert co-design, automation, and evaluation of social robot behaviour. This method starts with typical PD, working with the domain expert(s) to co-design the interaction specifications and state and action space of the robot. It then replaces the traditional offline programming or WoZ phase by an in situ and online teaching phase where the domain expert can live-program or teach the robot how to behave whilst being embedded in the interaction context. We point out that this live teaching phase can be best achieved by adding a learning component to a WoZ setup, which captures implicit knowledge of experts, as they intuitively respond to the dynamics of the situation. The robot then progressively learns an appropriate, expert-approved policy, ultimately leading to full autonomy, even in sensitive and/or ill-defined environments. However, LEADOR is agnostic to the exact technical approach used to facilitate this learning process. The extensive inclusion of the domain expert(s) in robot design represents established responsible innovation practice, lending credibility to the system both during the teaching phase and when operating autonomously. The combination of this expert inclusion with the focus on in situ development also means that LEADOR supports a mutual shaping approach to social robotics. We draw on two previously published, foundational works from which this (generalisable) methodology has been derived to demonstrate the feasibility and worth of this approach, provide concrete examples in its application, and identify limitations and opportunities when applying this framework in new environments.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

LEADOR: A Method for End-To-End Participatory Design of Autonomous Social Robots

2021

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“…All of those that were involved with the forms (whether answering, administering, or analyzing the forms) were involved in the process. Others have found collaboration among different levels improves buy-in (11), and that improvements in data collection can bene t different groups of people (12).…”

Section: Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staff Attitudes Towards Electronic Data Collection for a National Take-Home Naloxone Program

Ericson

Eide

Lobmaier

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background During the scaling-up of a national Norwegian take-home naloxone (THN) program, data collection methods shifted from paper-based to electronic. The aim of this study was to explore staff attitudes and preferences towards the shift in data collection. Methods In January-February 2020, a survey was sent out via email to personnel involved with the THN program (n=200). The survey included 17 questions, and covered staff demographics, experiences distributing THN, attitudes towards data collection (both paper and electronically), and an open response section. Descriptive statistics were performed for the survey results. The open response section was recorded from each questionnaire and was coded into major themes by the authors. Main findings In total, 122 staff completed the survey. Of these, 62% had experience with both electronic and paper-based forms, and there was a near unanimous preference towards electronic data collection over paper-based forms. From the free-text responses, staff found the electronic form to be a useful tool for conversation and overdose prevention education, and that the electronic form was easier to manage than the paper forms. Conclusion The shift towards electronic data collection was necessary for the feasibility of the Norwegian national THN program. This study found that staff not only tolerated the shift, but in most cases preferred this organizational change.

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Digital video analysis of health professionals’ interactions with an electronic whiteboard: A longitudinal, naturalistic study of changes to user interactions

Rasmussen

Kushniruk

2013

Journal of Biomedical Informatics

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As hospital departments continue to introduce electronic whiteboards in real clinical settings a range of human factor issues have emerged and it has become clear that there is a need for improved methods for designing and testing these systems. In this study, we employed a longitudinal and naturalistic method in the usability evaluation of an electronic whiteboard system. The goal of the evaluation was to explore the extent to which usability issues experienced by users change as they gain more experience with the system. In addition, the paper explores the use of a new approach to collection and analysis of continuous digital video recordings of naturalistic "live" user interactions. The method developed and employed in the study included recording the users' interactions with system during actual use using screen-capturing software and analyzing these recordings for usability issues. In this paper we describe and discuss both the method and the results of the evaluation. We found that the electronic whiteboard system contains system-related usability issues that did not change over time as the clinicians collectively gained more experience with the system. Furthermore, we also found user-related issues that seemed to change as the users gained more experience and we discuss the underlying reasons for these changes. We also found that the method used in the study has certain advantages over traditional usability evaluation methods, including the ability to collect analyze live user data over time. However, challenges and drawbacks to using the method (including the time taken for analysis and logistical issues in doing live recordings) should be considered before utilizing a similar approach. In conclusion we summarize our findings and call for an increased focus on longitudinal and naturalistic evaluations of health information systems and encourage others to apply and refine the method utilized in this study.

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User participation in implementation

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

LEADOR: A Method for End-To-End Participatory Design of Autonomous Social Robots

LEADOR: A Method for End-To-End Participatory Design of Autonomous Social Robots

Staff Attitudes Towards Electronic Data Collection for a National Take-Home Naloxone Program

Digital video analysis of health professionals’ interactions with an electronic whiteboard: A longitudinal, naturalistic study of changes to user interactions

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