Uses of Plant Gene Silencing

Senior, Ian J.

doi:10.1080/02648725.1998.10647953

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…For example, the 3.1% increase in the palmitic acid level in the seed oil of the elm‐TE transgenic lines under elevated temperatures was accompanied by a 1.9% increase in the myristic acid level and a 0.5% increase in the stearic acid level. Growth conditions have been shown to influence expression of other transgenes in previous studies (Matzke et al, 1994; McCabe et al, 1999; Senior, 1998). Increased temperature (Conner et al, 1998; Köhne et al, 1998; Matzke et al, 1994) and high light intensity (van der Krol et al, 1990) were reported to affect transgene expression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Stability of the Expression of Acyl‐ACP Thioesterase Transgenes in Oilseed Rape Doubled Haploid Lines

2004

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stable for more than five generations, without any apparent genetic instability or loss of the transgenic pheno-Transgene stability in doubled haploid (DH) lines is an important type. However, instability in the expression of other consideration for transgenic cultivar development programs. The objective of this study was to assess the expression stability of acyl-acyl transgenes has been observed in some studies (Assaad carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase (TE) transgenes in oilseed rape Scheid et al., 1991; Zhong et al., 1999). For (Brassica napus L.) DH lines. The DH lines were developed from example, in a population of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) microspores of F 1 plants from the crosses between transgenic parents Heynh. plants transgenic for a hygromycin resistance carrying the bay-TE (Uc FatB1), elm-TE (Ua FatB1), nutmeg-TE gene (hpt), 50% of the plants failed to transmit the (Mf FatB1), or cuphea-TE (Ch FatB1) transgenes and three nontransresistance trait to the progeny, although the complete genic cultivars having distinct seed oil fatty acid compositions. Of 333 transgene was detected in all the plants (Scheid et al., DH 1 plants developed from microspore-derived embryos that had 1991). undergone selection for kanamycin resistance (the selectable marker) Unstable expression of transgenes has been associated with bay-TE F 1 and cuphea-TE F 1 plants as the microspore donors, with gene silencing (Charrier et al., 2000; Meyer and 20 plants did not show TE transgene expression. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blotting analyses confirmed that the Saedler, 1996; Scott et al., 1998). Gene silencing is due absence of TE transgene expression in these 20 DH 1 plants was due to somatically or meiotically heritable repression of gene to escape of embryos from kanamycin selection or existence of an expression that is potentially reversible and is not due to incomplete T-DNA copy without the TE transgene. No DH 1 plant mutation (Kaeppler et al., 2000). Gene silencing could with completely silenced TE transgenes was detected. Thirty of 34 result from the blocking of transcription initiation, trantransgenic DH lines showed a stable level of the target fatty acid, scriptional gene silencing (TGS), or from the degradation lauric acid (C12:0) for the bay-TE and palmitic acid (C16:0) for the of mRNA after transcription, posttranscriptional gene other three TE transgenes, over the two or three consecutive generasilencing (PTGS) (Chandler and Vaucheret, 2001; Matzke tions tested (DH 2 , DH 3 , and/or DH 4 plants). Target fatty acids were and Matzke, 1998; Wassenegger, 2000). Possible factors significantly affected by temperature during seed development. DH inducing gene silencing include growth conditions of the lines carrying the elm-TE or the cuphea-TE transgene grown under high temperature conditions (25/20؇C, day/night) during seed develop-

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Stability of the Expression of Acyl‐ACP Thioesterase Transgenes in Oilseed Rape Doubled Haploid Lines

2004

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“…The loss or low expression of foreign genes and their unexpected segregation are routinely observed in transformed crops (Chupeau et al 1989;Fromm et al 1990;Fiitterer and Potrykus 1995;Meyer 1995;Senior 1998;Kooter et al 1999). examined GUS activity in RI (TI ) and some R2 (T2) and R3 (T3) generations in 15 transgenic families of oat (2n = 6x = 42).…”

Section: Cytological Basis Of Gene Silencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing for Genetic Manipulation in Plants

Jackson¹,

Linskens²

2002

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“…88 Biotechnology companies have successfully produced highly robust transgenic plants by a strategy of careful line selection, and have also exploited co-suppression phenomena to produce the ®rst genetically modi®ed product on sale in the United Kingdom, the`low polygalacturonase' tomato pure Âe.…”

Section: The Impact Of Gene-silencing On Plant Biotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This will be of particular concern when transgene regulatory regions are used repeatedly. There are reports of the successful use of repeated components, such as the CaMV35S promoter within the same transformation vector, 88 and success may depend on the speci®c component used, the distance between repeats, the insertional position within the genome, or the prevention of pre-insertional recombination within the transformation vector. There is no ®rm evidence that silencing is caused by direct interaction of unlinked transcriptionally competent loci.…”

Section: The Impact Of Gene-silencing On Plant Biotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-transcriptional gene-silencing and RNA interference: genetic immunity, mechanisms and applications

Turner¹,

Schuch²

2000

J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.

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This review summarises the development of our understanding of co-suppression in plants, and describes how co-suppression relates to similar post-transcriptional gene-silencing (PTGS) phenomena, and underlying genetic immunity mechanisms. These comparisons have enabled us to develop sophisticated models that go some way to explaining what causes co-suppression, and indicate that manipulation of the underlying mechanisms can provide the plant biotechnologist with new tools to control gene expression and silencing in transgenic plants. Recently, it has become apparent that the mechanism underlying PTGS has, at least in essence, been conserved through divergent evolution and similar mechanisms to co-suppression are functional in nematode, insect and mammalian cells. In addition to the original applications in plant biotechnology, the development of technology based on PTGS is proving to be a highly valuable alternative to mutagenesis for functional genomics applications in both plant and animal model species. The recent discovery that PTGS mechanisms operate in mammalian cells indicates that there are likely to be wider applications for technology based on PTGS, possibly including human therapeutics.

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Uses of Plant Gene Silencing

Cited by 13 publications

References 67 publications

Stability of the Expression of Acyl‐ACP Thioesterase Transgenes in Oilseed Rape Doubled Haploid Lines

Stability of the Expression of Acyl‐ACP Thioesterase Transgenes in Oilseed Rape Doubled Haploid Lines

Testing for Genetic Manipulation in Plants

Post-transcriptional gene-silencing and RNA interference: genetic immunity, mechanisms and applications

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