Using 14C dating of stable humin fractions to assess upbuilding pedogenesis of a buried Holocene humic soil horizon, Towada volcano, Japan

Inoue, Yukihiko; Hiradate, Syuntaro; Sase, Takashi; Hosono, Mamoru; Morita, Shinzo; Matsuzaki, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.08.011

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Thus, these negative correlations in F1-F2 suggest the presence of old pyrogenic, thus recalcitrant C. This interpretation is further supported by the high abundance of shiny dark-colored fragments in mixture with decaying plant litter based on light microscopic observation in F2 of Till-1 soil [42]. Strong influence of pyrogenic C on the dark-color and old radiocarbon age of surface and subsurface Andisols in Japan has been reported [63][64][65][66]. However, its location in soil matrix, isolation method, and molecular structure are not fully understood.…”

Section: Insights From Radiocarbon Analysis: Two Pools Of Stable Cmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…However, its location in soil matrix, isolation method, and molecular structure are not fully understood. Old pyrogenic C is often occluded in aggregates and can be isolated as occluded low-density fraction (o-LF) from a range of soils (e.g., [66][67][68][69][70]) including our soil [42]. In our soils, however, the old pyrogenic C pool would account for no more than 5% of TC in Till-1, Till-2, and Bare samples based on the limited C distribution in F2 (Table 2 and Figure 1b) and its aromatic-C proportion (23-36% of C [53]).…”

Section: Insights From Radiocarbon Analysis: Two Pools Of Stable Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinctive Roles of Two Aggregate Binding Agents in Allophanic Andisols: Young Carbon and Poorly-Crystalline Metal Phases with Old Carbon

et al. 2018

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Interaction of organic matter (OM) with soil mineral components plays a critical role in biophysical organization (aggregate structure) as well as in biogeochemical cycling of major elements. Of the mineral components, poorly-crystalline phases rich in iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) are highly reactive and thus contribute to both OM stabilization and aggregation. However, the functional relationship among the reactive metal phases, C stability, and aggregation remains elusive. We hypothesized that relatively young C acts as a binding agent to form the aggregates of weak physical stability, whereas the reactive metal phases and older C bound to them contribute to stronger aggregation. Using four surface horizons of Andisols having a gradient of soil C concentration due to decadal OM management, we conducted sequential density fractionation to isolate six fractions (from <1.6 to >2.5 g cm −3) with mechanical shaking, followed by selective dissolution and radiocarbon analysis. After 28 years of no-till with litter compost addition, not only C and N but inorganic materials including the reactive metal phases (pyrophosphate-, oxalate-, and dithionite-extractable metals) showed clear shifts in their concentrations towards lower-density fractions (especially <2.0 g cm −3) on a ground-area basis. This result was explained by the binding of compost-derived OM with soil particles. Major portions of the reactive metal phases in bulk samples were distributed in mid-density fractions (2.0-2.5 g cm −3) largely as sonication-resistant aggregates. Theoretical density calculations, together with depletion in radiocarbon (∆ 14 C: −82 to −170‰) and lower C:N ratio, implied that the sorptive capacity of the reactive metal phases in these fractions were roughly saturated with pre-existing OM. However, the influx of the compost-derived, modern C into the mid-density fractions detected by the paired-plot comparison suggests decadal C sink in association with the reactive metal phase. Our results supported the concept of aggregate hierarchy and further provided the following new insights. At the high hierarchy level where shaking-resistant aggregates form, soil organo-mineral particles appeared to be under a dynamic equilibrium and the changes in OM input regime controlled (dis)aggregation behavior due to the binding effect of relatively young C. At a lower hierarchy level, the reactive metal phases were bound to N-rich, 14 C-depleted OM and together functioned as persistent binding agent. Our study suggests that the recognition of binding agents and aggregate hierarchy level would help to untangle the complex organo-mineral interactions and to better understand soil C stability.

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Section: Insights From Radiocarbon Analysis: Two Pools Of Stable Cmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Insights From Radiocarbon Analysis: Two Pools Of Stable Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinctive Roles of Two Aggregate Binding Agents in Allophanic Andisols: Young Carbon and Poorly-Crystalline Metal Phases with Old Carbon

et al. 2018

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“…However, grassland coverage in the past and the contribution of C-4 plants to soil OM cannot be ruled out. Phytolith analysis indicated that grassland vegetation can be a major source of OM in andic horizons in many parts of Japan (e.g., Sase et al 1985;Inoue et al 2011). A roughly equal contribution of both C-3 and C-4 plants to soil OM (including fulvic and humic acids) across nine Andisols in Japan was suggested by δ C from the 53-4000 μm fraction to smaller size fractions (Fig.…”

Section: Variation In C and N Isotopic Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinctive organic matter pools among particle-size fractions detected by solid-state¹³C-NMR, δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N analyses only after strong dispersion in an allophanic Andisol

Asano

Wagai

2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…3, values above horizontal axis) despite the difference of residue type and burning condition. Several studies have reported that char contributes to the dark color and high organic C contents of Andisols (Shindo et al, 1986; Golchin et al, 1997; Shindo et al, 2004; Inoue et al, 2011) and Mollisols (Schmidt et al, 1999; Ponomarenko and Anderson, 2001). Although fire intensity and frequency over a pedogenic time scale (e.g., quaternary period) are difficult to assess, the mildly carbonized residues shown here might have important effects on the property of these soil types.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Thermolysis Conditions for Soil Carbon Storage on Plant Residue Burning: Modeling the Trade-Off between Thermal Decomposition and Subsequent Biodegradation

2015

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Field burning of plant biomass is a widespread practice that provides charred materials to soils. Its impact on soil C sequestration remains unclear due to the heterogeneity of burning products and difficulty in monitoring the material's biodegradation in fields. Basic information is needed on the relationship between burning conditions and the resulting quantity/quality of residue-derived C altered by thermal decomposition and biodegradation. In this study, we thermolyzed residues (rice straw and husk) at different temperatures (200-600°C) under two oxygen availability conditions and measured thermal mass loss, C compositional change by solid-state C NMR spectroscopy, and biodegradability of the thermally altered residues by laboratory aerobic incubation. A trade-off existed between thermal and microbial decomposition: when burned at higher temperatures, residues experience a greater mass loss but become more recalcitrant via carbonization. When an empirical model accounting for the observed trade-off was projected over 10 to 10 yr, we identified the threshold temperature range (330-400°C) above and below which remaining residue C is strongly reduced. This temperature range corresponded to the major loss of O-alkyl C and increase in aromatic C. The O/C molar ratios of the resultant residues decreased to 0.2 to 0.4, comparable to those of chars in fire-prone field soils reported previously. Although the negative impacts of biomass burning need to be accounted for, the observed relationship may help to assess the long-term fate of burning-derived C and to enhance soil C sequestration.

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Using 14C dating of stable humin fractions to assess upbuilding pedogenesis of a buried Holocene humic soil horizon, Towada volcano, Japan

Cited by 22 publications

References 20 publications

Distinctive Roles of Two Aggregate Binding Agents in Allophanic Andisols: Young Carbon and Poorly-Crystalline Metal Phases with Old Carbon

Distinctive Roles of Two Aggregate Binding Agents in Allophanic Andisols: Young Carbon and Poorly-Crystalline Metal Phases with Old Carbon

Distinctive organic matter pools among particle-size fractions detected by solid-state¹³C-NMR, δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N analyses only after strong dispersion in an allophanic Andisol

Optimal Thermolysis Conditions for Soil Carbon Storage on Plant Residue Burning: Modeling the Trade-Off between Thermal Decomposition and Subsequent Biodegradation

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Using 14C dating of stable humin fractions to assess upbuilding pedogenesis of a buried Holocene humic soil horizon, Towada volcano, Japan

Cited by 22 publications

References 20 publications

Distinctive Roles of Two Aggregate Binding Agents in Allophanic Andisols: Young Carbon and Poorly-Crystalline Metal Phases with Old Carbon

Distinctive Roles of Two Aggregate Binding Agents in Allophanic Andisols: Young Carbon and Poorly-Crystalline Metal Phases with Old Carbon

Distinctive organic matter pools among particle-size fractions detected by solid-state13C-NMR, δ13C and δ15N analyses only after strong dispersion in an allophanic Andisol

Optimal Thermolysis Conditions for Soil Carbon Storage on Plant Residue Burning: Modeling the Trade-Off between Thermal Decomposition and Subsequent Biodegradation

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Distinctive organic matter pools among particle-size fractions detected by solid-state¹³C-NMR, δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N analyses only after strong dispersion in an allophanic Andisol