Using 3D Seismic To Identify Spatially Variant Fracture Orientation in the Manderson Field

Gray, F.D.; Head, Kim

doi:10.2118/60296-ms

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This fault can be seen in the swirls in the contours on the SW part of the section (Figure 3). The migrated results also tie independent oriented core analyses, which indicate fracture strike and intensity in the reservoir, from three wells in this field (Gray et al, 1999). The high intensity fracturing also remains bed-bounded, which is as observed by Gray and Head (2000) for the unmigrated data, and is consistent with observations of this formation in outcrop at Zeismann Dome, 10 miles to the SE of the field, as described in Gray and Head (1999).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The above migrations are applied to the 3-D seismic data shot in 1996 over the Manderson Field in Wyoming, which was used in Gray et al (1999). This field is in is a highly structured area in Wyoming's thrust belt and is geologically complex.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent work has shown that open, fluid-filled, natural fractures can be detected in seismic data from Amplitude versus Angle and Azimuth (AVAZ) analysis of P-wave 3-D seismic data using Rüger's (1996) AVAZ equation to derive the anisotropic contribution to the AVO gradient and its orientation (e.g. Gray et al, 1999, Hall et al 2000, Roberts et al 2001, Gray et al, 2002). Rüger's anisotropic contribution to the AVO gradient (B ani ) is closely related to the seismic 'crack density' (Lynn et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrating seismic fracture analysis with migration

Zheng¹,

Gray²

2002

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002

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Fractures are small cracks that occur when brittle rock is stressed to the point where it breaks. Zones of high stress frequently occur where the rock is bent the most, and therefore in places where seismic migration is most likely to be needed. Consequently, it is often important to be able to integrate seismic fracture analysis with migration. Conventional pre-and post-stack migration methods are incapable of handling azimuthal variations in amplitude. However, they can be modified to do this, and then they can be used in positioning seismic fracture attributes. Some such time-migration methods are tested on a geologically complex data set over the Manderson Field in Wyoming, USA, for which well control for the fractures in the reservoir is available. All these migrations collapse zones of apparently high fracture intensity and move them closer to significant structural features, e.g. faults. The conclusion is that these migration methods can successfully move the fracture attributes to appropriate positions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrating seismic fracture analysis with migration

Zheng¹,

Gray²

2002

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002

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“…Extracting fracture information from P-P reflection seismic data recently became a hot topic (Gray et al, 1999, Hall et al, 2000, Li, 1999, Lynn et al, 1996, MacBeth and Lynn, 2001. A fractured reservoir can be considered as an azimuthal anisotropic medium (or horizontally transverse isotropic medium).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic fracture detection: Ambiguity and practical solution

Zheng

Todorović-Marinić

Larson

2004

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2004

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It is becoming popular to extract fracture information from wide-azimuth P-P reflection seismic data. The extracted crack density is not influenced by the phase of the seismic data. The extracted fracture orientation is sensitive to the phase of seismic data and the nature of the rocks. Other information besides the amplitude and NMO velocity of seismic data is needed in order to uniquely determine the fracture orientation. This paper discusses the ambiguity of the fracture orientation and how it can be resolved. Todorovic-Marinic et al (2004) discussed the stabilization of crack density.

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The modelling of fractured reservoirs: constraints and potential for fracture network geometry and hydraulics analysis

Makel

2007

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The interconnectedness of a subsurface fracture system depends on five fracture and fracture set geometry characteristics: density, orientation, dimensions (height and length), connectivity and aperture. Orientation and density can be determined with some degree of accuracy but the uncertainty ranges associated with the other characteristics will be large. Calibration with dynamic indicators will bring out the hydraulic properties of the network and can help to reduce uncertainty in the geometric characteristics. The fracture network geometry in the inter-well space can be described through geostatistical analysis but more commonly it is derived from seismic data, through edge detection or the analysis and calibration of seismic velocity anisotropy attributes or curvature analysis. Geomechanical analysis is necessary to evaluate the impact on network conductivity of the changing stress state in the reservoir. Using percolation theory, a qualitative assessment can be made of how the conductivity and interconnectedness of the fracture network is developed in terms of network clusters. This integrated analysis of static and dynamic fracture data leads to the formulation of conceptual models and a set of modelling rules. A Digital (Discrete) Fracture Network model, based on these concept(s), rules and inter-well interpolation data, can then be analysed in terms of expected network cluster size, distribution and hydraulics. This provides a control on the expectations embedded in the concepts prior to dynamic modelling. The uncertainties are normally quite large and very seldom will they allow construction of the definitive fracture model. The systematic and integrated analysis of fracture network geometry, constrained with dynamic indicators and subsequent network cluster analysis, are necessary preparatory steps for construction and analysis of dynamic models.

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Using 3D Seismic To Identify Spatially Variant Fracture Orientation in the Manderson Field

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Integrating seismic fracture analysis with migration

Integrating seismic fracture analysis with migration

Seismic fracture detection: Ambiguity and practical solution

The modelling of fractured reservoirs: constraints and potential for fracture network geometry and hydraulics analysis

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