Using a Hydrological Model to Simulate the Performance and Estimate the Runoff Coefficient of Green Roofs in Semiarid Climates

Herrera, Josefina; Flamant, Gilles; Gironás, Jorge; Vera, Sergio; Bonilla, Carlos A.; Bustamante, Waldo; Suárez, Francisco

doi:10.3390/w10020198

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Numerous studies have been devoted to the estimation of the effect of the individual components of the system, such as the vegetation layer, plant species or the drainage layer, on the effectiveness of green roofs in the reduction of total rainfall volume and flow intensity. The values obtained, at the level of 40-90% depending on layer depth, type of system or the moisture of the substrate, confirm the high effectiveness of systems of this type [11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Hydrological Performance and Runoff Water Quality of Experimental Green Roofs

Pęczkowski

Kowalczyk

Szawernoga

et al. 2018

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Within the scope of the conducted experiment the authors analysed the efficiency of runoff reduction by the system of extensive type green roofs. The observations were based on storm events in the area of Lower Silesia at the Agro and Hydrometeorology Station Wrocław-Swojec. The authors analysed the thickness of plant substrate, and also estimated the quality of runoff waters under the conditions of periodic atmospheric deposition. Also considered were such indicators as electrolytic conductivity, N, NO3−, NO2−, NH4+, P, PO43−. The experiment included roof substrates designed in two variants, with known hydraulic and physical properties of the soil material. The analysis was performed for models with vegetation layer based on pumice and zelolite, covered with five plant species from the sedum family. The modelling of the hydraulic properties was conducted with variably saturated medium, using the Hydrus 1D software. The performance of systems with primary layer thickness of 11 cm and 9, 8, 7, 6 and 5 cm was estimated. The designed models reduced the average peak flows to 89%, and in addition they caused a delay in the initiation of the runoff which was dependent on the intensity and distribution of rainfalls in time, and on the initial moisture of the profiles. Simulations, performed for variable substrate thickness, permit the conclusion that in the case of thin-layer profiles (5 cm), the relative retention index was decidedly lower and amounted to 35.9% for the substrate with zeolite (originally 60.6%) and 41% for the substrate with pumice (originally 65.7%). In the case of total nitrogen and phosphates, statistical analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in relation to specific concentrations in the rainwater and in the control surface. The total nitrogen in the runoff from the green roof was nearly twice as high as that in the rainwater and amounted to, on average, 8.3 mg L−1.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Hydrological Performance and Runoff Water Quality of Experimental Green Roofs

Pęczkowski

Kowalczyk

Szawernoga

et al. 2018

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because of the high rainfall intensity and the long duration, the detention capacity measured in this study corresponding to the saturated water storage (water volume in the column under saturated water content) in literature (Berretta, Poë, & Stovin, 2014;Soulis et al, 2017). While the retention capacity in this study, which was the measured water volume after the rain and covered with a plastic thin film to prevent evaporation, corresponding to the field capacity in literature (Cao et al, 2014;Herrera et al, 2018). Therefore, the retention capacity and the detention capacity discussed in this study were intrinsic properties of soil, which will not be influenced by the environment, plant growth, and the existing water content.…”

Section: Influence Of Individual and Combined Effects Of Biochar Anmentioning

confidence: 89%

Experimental study on the hydrological performance of green roofs in the application of novel biochar

Huang

Garg

Mei

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biochar has the potential to be a soil amendment in green roofs owing to its water retention, nutrient supply, and carbon sequestration application. The combined effects of biochar and vegetated soil on hydraulic performance (e.g., saturated hydraulic conductivity, retention and detention, and runoff delay) are the crucial factor for the application of the novel biochar in green roofs. Recent studies investigated soil water potential (i.e., suction) either on vegetated soil or on biochar-amended soil but rarely focused on their integrated application. With the purpose of investigating the hydraulic performance of green roofs in the application of biochar, the combined effect of biochar and vegetated soil on hydrological processes was explored. Artificial rainfall experiments were conducted on the four types of experimental soil columns, including natural soil, biochar-amended soil, vegetated natural soil, and vegetated biocharamended soil. The surface ponding, bottom drainage and the volumetric water content were measured during the rainfall test. Simulation method by using HYDRUS-1D was adopted for estimating hydraulic parameters and developing modelling analysis. The results indicated that the saturated hydraulic conductivity of vegetated soil columns were higher than bare soil columns. The addition of biochar decreased the saturated hydraulic conductivity, and the magnitude of decrease was much significant in the case of vegetated soil. The influence of vegetation on permeability is more prominent than biochar. The vegetated biochar-amended soil has the highest retention and detention capacity, and shows a preferable runoff delay effect under heavy rain among the four soil columns. The results from the present study help to understand the hydrological processes in the green roof in the application of biochar, and imply that biochar can be an alternative soil amendment to improve the hydraulic performance.

show abstract

“…Penman-Monteith (P-M) equation, taking a full account of energy balance, convection, and canopy resistance while well documented by previous agricultural studies, is widely applied to estimate ET from almost all types of GI such as green roof [6,57,74,83,93,[96][97][98][99], bioretention [64,80,100], and permeable pavement [101]. Simpler models, such as Priest-Taylor equation without considering convection [102], or solely temperature-based Thornthwaite Equation [59,85,103] and Hargreaves Equation [96,104], have also applied for GI when fewer inputs and less calibration effort required.…”

Section: Potential Evapotranspiration Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evapotranspiration from Green Infrastructure: Benefit, Measurement, and Simulation

Feng¹

2019

Advanced Evapotranspiration Methods and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Green infrastructure (GI) is a common solution for stormwater management in an urban environment, with attached environmental benefits like flood control, urban heat island relief, adaptations to climate change, biodiversity protection, air pollution reduction, and food production. Evapotranspiration (ET) controls the GI's hydrologic performance and affects all related benefits. Essentially, ET constrains the turnover of moisture storage and determines the demand for supplemental irrigation and then the cost-effectiveness of a GI project. Considering the spatial heterogeneousness of an urban space and the GI's multi-layer designs, the classic ET equations have challenges in representing the ET variations from GI units. The underperformance of the existing ET models is partly due to the lack of corresponding high-quality field observations for each GI type in various urban settings. This chapter, therefore, summarizes the current research progress and existing challenges regarding the benefit, measurement, and simulation of ET process from GI.

show abstract

Using a Hydrological Model to Simulate the Performance and Estimate the Runoff Coefficient of Green Roofs in Semiarid Climates

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Hydrological Performance and Runoff Water Quality of Experimental Green Roofs

Hydrological Performance and Runoff Water Quality of Experimental Green Roofs

Experimental study on the hydrological performance of green roofs in the application of novel biochar

Evapotranspiration from Green Infrastructure: Benefit, Measurement, and Simulation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About