“…Some volcanoes erupt with no or minimal detected pre-eruptive seismicity (e.g., Okmok, Johnson et al, 2010;Fee et al, 2017;Pavlof, Waythomas et al, 2017). However, in general, by tracking increases in the rate, magnitude, and frequency content of earthquakes located near the volcano along with other changes in the character of the seismicity, it is often possible to forecast volcanic eruptions (Minakami, 1961;Shimozuru, 1971;Chouet et al, 1994;Ewert, 2007;McNutt and Nishimura, 2008;White and McCausland, 2016;McCausland et al, 2017). This is accomplished with a network of seismic instruments around a volcano, and AVO has required a minimum of four operating instruments with stable telemetry at a volcano to consider it "seismically monitored" .…”