“…In most of the cases in the first category [29,30,39,40,41,42,43,45], ADs are translated into directed graphs where each vertex denotes a node in the AD and each transition from one node in the AD to another node is specified by an edge in the graph. One of the main benefits of transforming an AD into an activity graph is that one can use several well-established graph-search algorithms for generating test cases with respect to given graph-based coverage criteria.…”
Section: Modeling Notations (Rq2)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, they cannot be executed in an online fashion. Not specified [30,38,51,72,53,65,11,40,54,44,47,55,66,52,45,49,39,41,29,60,46,42,36] 23…”
Section: Test Execution Techniques (Rq7)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As seen in Table 11, most of the primary studies [2,63,30,64,56,35,48,45,40,43,55,65,29] use commercial tools and only a few [64,52,11,29,62] use open source tools for making and editing ADs. In addition, two studies [40,43] have reported the use of a free community edition tool.…”
Section: Tools For Model Editing Test Case Generation and Test Execumentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Condition-classification trees are derived from the ADs by analyzing decision points and guard conditions in the diagrams. The trees are then used to create test case tables and test cases.Xu et al[30] introduced a technique to generate test scenarios from an AD using the adaptive agents, which effectively explore the AD. Hartman et al[63] and Vieira et al[64] used a Test Development Environment (TDE)…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The test case generator analyses each test scenario and generates test cases which can be reused, modified and stored by using a test case manager. Dong Xu et al[30] developed a prototype tool called TSGAD (Test Scenarios Generator for Activity Diagrams) using their proposed algorithm to automatically generate test scenarios for ADs developed using any standard UML tool and exported into a XMI file. TSGAD can directly read an XMI file.…”
Context:The Unified Modeling Language (UML) has become the de facto standard for software modeling. UML models are often used to visualize, understand, and communicate the structure and behavior of a system. UML activity diagrams (ADs) are often used to elaborate and visualize individual use cases. Due to their higher level of abstraction and process-oriented perspective, UML ADs are also highly suitable for model-based test generation. In the last two decades, different researchers have used UML ADs for test generation. Despite the growing use of UML ADs for model-based testing, there are currently no comprehensive and unbiased studies on the topic. Objective: To present a comprehensive and unbiased overview of the state-of-the-art on model-based testing using UML ADs. Method: We review and structure the current body of knowledge on model-based testing using UML ADs by performing a systematic mapping study using well-known guidelines. We pose nine research questions, outline our selection criteria, and develop a classification scheme. Results: The results comprise 41 primary studies analyzed against nine research questions. We also highlight the current trends and research gaps in model-based testing using UML ADs and discuss some shortcomings for researchers and practitioners working in this area. The results show that the existing approaches on model-based testing using UML ADs tend to rely on intermediate formats and formalisms for model verification and test generation, employ a multitude of graph-based coverage criteria, and use graph search algorithms. Conclusion: We present a comprehensive overview of the existing approaches on model-based testing using UML ADs. We conclude that (1) UML ADs are not being used for non-functional testing, (2) only a few approaches have been validated against realistic, industrial case studies, (3) most approaches target very restricted application domains, and (4) there is currently a clear lack of holistic approaches for model-based testing using UML ADs.
“…In most of the cases in the first category [29,30,39,40,41,42,43,45], ADs are translated into directed graphs where each vertex denotes a node in the AD and each transition from one node in the AD to another node is specified by an edge in the graph. One of the main benefits of transforming an AD into an activity graph is that one can use several well-established graph-search algorithms for generating test cases with respect to given graph-based coverage criteria.…”
Section: Modeling Notations (Rq2)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, they cannot be executed in an online fashion. Not specified [30,38,51,72,53,65,11,40,54,44,47,55,66,52,45,49,39,41,29,60,46,42,36] 23…”
Section: Test Execution Techniques (Rq7)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As seen in Table 11, most of the primary studies [2,63,30,64,56,35,48,45,40,43,55,65,29] use commercial tools and only a few [64,52,11,29,62] use open source tools for making and editing ADs. In addition, two studies [40,43] have reported the use of a free community edition tool.…”
Section: Tools For Model Editing Test Case Generation and Test Execumentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Condition-classification trees are derived from the ADs by analyzing decision points and guard conditions in the diagrams. The trees are then used to create test case tables and test cases.Xu et al[30] introduced a technique to generate test scenarios from an AD using the adaptive agents, which effectively explore the AD. Hartman et al[63] and Vieira et al[64] used a Test Development Environment (TDE)…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The test case generator analyses each test scenario and generates test cases which can be reused, modified and stored by using a test case manager. Dong Xu et al[30] developed a prototype tool called TSGAD (Test Scenarios Generator for Activity Diagrams) using their proposed algorithm to automatically generate test scenarios for ADs developed using any standard UML tool and exported into a XMI file. TSGAD can directly read an XMI file.…”
Context:The Unified Modeling Language (UML) has become the de facto standard for software modeling. UML models are often used to visualize, understand, and communicate the structure and behavior of a system. UML activity diagrams (ADs) are often used to elaborate and visualize individual use cases. Due to their higher level of abstraction and process-oriented perspective, UML ADs are also highly suitable for model-based test generation. In the last two decades, different researchers have used UML ADs for test generation. Despite the growing use of UML ADs for model-based testing, there are currently no comprehensive and unbiased studies on the topic. Objective: To present a comprehensive and unbiased overview of the state-of-the-art on model-based testing using UML ADs. Method: We review and structure the current body of knowledge on model-based testing using UML ADs by performing a systematic mapping study using well-known guidelines. We pose nine research questions, outline our selection criteria, and develop a classification scheme. Results: The results comprise 41 primary studies analyzed against nine research questions. We also highlight the current trends and research gaps in model-based testing using UML ADs and discuss some shortcomings for researchers and practitioners working in this area. The results show that the existing approaches on model-based testing using UML ADs tend to rely on intermediate formats and formalisms for model verification and test generation, employ a multitude of graph-based coverage criteria, and use graph search algorithms. Conclusion: We present a comprehensive overview of the existing approaches on model-based testing using UML ADs. We conclude that (1) UML ADs are not being used for non-functional testing, (2) only a few approaches have been validated against realistic, industrial case studies, (3) most approaches target very restricted application domains, and (4) there is currently a clear lack of holistic approaches for model-based testing using UML ADs.
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