“…Different modifications have been done to deal with the limitations associated with this method such as using variable charge approach (Pinto, Mendonça, Olivi, Costa, & Marcato, 2014), defining global minima (Jia & Wang, 2010), potential gradient decent algorithm (Bounini, Gingras, Pollart, & Gruyer, 2017), regression search (Li, Yamashita, Asama, & Tamura, 2012;Yang et al, 2016), terminal angle modification (Xu, Xiao, Li, & Wu, 2017), and modification of repulsion direction (Bing et al, 2011). APF approach has also been combined with other intelligent algorithms (Ahmed, Abdalla, & Abed, 2015;Bacek, Kasac, Majetic, & Brezak, 2012;Beloglazov, Finaev, Titov, Shapovalov, & Soloviev, 2016;Elkilany, Abouelsoud, & Fathelbab, 2017;Nazzal, 2017;Stoian, Ivanescu, Stoian, & Pana, 2006) as a hybridization scheme and to refine the parameters of some other algorithms. Navigational analysis of mobile robotic forms using various soft computing methods (Mohanty & Parhi, 2014;Mohanty & Parhi, 2015;Pandey & Parhi, 2016;Parhi, Deepak, Mohana, Ruppa, & Nayak, 2012;Parhi & Kundu, 2011) have been attempted by several researchers.…”