Most young graduates emerge from veterinary school eager to develop as effective clinicians; however, they soon realise that if they choose a career in practice they also need to understand the financial framework within which they work. While some may wish to remain at the ‘coalface’ and have minimal involvement in monetary issues, the reality is that in an increasingly corporate environment, the opportunity to advance their careers also comes with an increased responsibility to understand and develop the financial performance of the business. This article examines the question of whether there has to be a conflict between clinical performance and financial success, and looks at the skills that a veterinary surgeon needs in order to develop a successful career within the changing veterinary landscape. It is written from the point of view of someone working within small animal primary care, but the general principles could apply to any area of general practice.