Using bone ash as an additive in porcelain sintering

Gouvêa, Douglas; Kaneko, T. T.; Kahn, Henrique; Conceição, Edilene de Souza; Antoniassi, Juliana Lívi

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.08.096

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…At 1050 °C, the crystalline reflections of porcelain like compositions were mainly made of albite, mullite and quartz, while at 1200 °C, only mullite and quartz remained as crystalline phases. These observations agree with reported results on porcelain like compositions (Danezan et al, 2018;Gouvêa et al, 2015;Lerdprom et al, 2016;Lima et al, 2018). During the sintering of porcelain compositions, kaolinite first decomposes to an amorphous phase, then to mullite around 900 °C, the formation of the latter gradually increasing till 1100 °C before remaining stable between 1100 and 1200 °C (Güngör and Ay, 2018;Zanelli et al, 2003).…”

Section: Phase Compositionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Spodumene tailings for porcelain and structural materials: Effect of temperature (1050–1200 °C) on the sintering and properties

Lemougna

Yliniemi

Ismailov

et al. 2019

Minerals Engineering

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The use of industrial by-products as substitute to conventional natural resources in ceramic production is of interest from an environment preservation and solid wastes management. This paper deals with the recycling of tailings from spodumene concentration during lithium production (Quartz Feldspar Sand; QFS), for the production of porcelain and structural materials. The QFS obtained from spodumene processing consisted mainly of quartz, albite, microcline with traces of muscovite. Mixtures of QFS and standard porcelain ingredients were sintered at 1050-1200 °C at 50 °C intervals and their properties were compared with a conventional porcelain composition prepared under the same conditions. Phase composition was assessed by XRD analysis using Rietveld refinement. Tests such as water absorption, apparent density, sintering shrinkage, compressive and flexural strength were used for physical comparison. The results showed that higher densification was achieved at 1200 °C, with a drastic reduction of water absorption below 1%. A compressive strength of 40 MPa was obtained at 1050 °C in the composition made of 50 wt% QFS and 50 wt% kaolin, increasing to 85 MPa at 1100°C. The strength increase was attributed to better glassy phase formation and mullite growth. The QFS was found to contain no hazardous elements and showed promising sintering results, indicating its high suitability to substitute conventional resources in the production of ceramic materials.

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Section: Phase Compositionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Spodumene tailings for porcelain and structural materials: Effect of temperature (1050–1200 °C) on the sintering and properties

Lemougna

Yliniemi

Ismailov

et al. 2019

Minerals Engineering

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“…Technological characteristics of ceramic tiles produced by SCW, calcined kaolin, and feldspar. The lowest firing temperature for preparing porcelain tiles from recycled waste was recently reported to be between 1100 • C and 1300 • C [24][25][26]49]. The firing temperature of porcelain tiles can be reduced to 1070 • C by introducing LO in this experiment.…”

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confidence: 84%

Sintering Behavior and Technological Properties of Low-Temperature Porcelain Tiles Prepared Using a Lithium Ore and Silica Crucible Waste

Peng

Qin

2019

Minerals

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Porcelain tiles are a building material that has been widely used in recent years and that consumes substantial resources during the sintering process. This study reports on the production of low-temperature porcelain tiles by using low-grade lithium ore (LO) and silica crucible waste (SCW) in a new SiO2–Al2O3–Na2O–K2O–Li2O system. The firing temperature of the porcelain tiles was reduced from 1260 °C to 1070 °C by adding 30% LO instead of feldspar in a modified triaxial ceramic body, and SCW was recycled and used as a raw material. These actions help to reduce the carbon emissions produced during sintering and achieve sustainable development. The effect of phase transitions on the sintering and technological properties of the porcelain tiles was studied by quantitative phase analysis, using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Secondary mullite (0–19%) can be formed at 1040–1100 °C, where more quartz and cristobalite will be retained, which increases the rupture modulus of the porcelain tiles. While the vitreous phase increases rapidly at 1100–1160 °C, the closed pores (0.1–33.1%) will simultaneously expand, causing a decrease in compactness. The results show that low-grade LO (with a cost similar to that of feldspar) allows for the production of porcelain tiles with better process performance at lower temperatures (≤1100 °C).

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“…If the firing proceeds slowly at temperature just above 1250 °C, the deformation parts may occur. Therefore, the firing should be conducted in nonequilibrium conditions, forming the fired phases that are anorthite, β-Calcium tri phosphate and a siliceous glass (Carus et al, 2012, .Iqbal et al, 2000Douglas et al, 2015) The main role of bone ash is to form crystalline phases and its main constituent is hydroxyapatite (Ca(OH)2.3Ca3(PO4)2), which decomposes forming calcium oxide (CaO) and β-tricalcium-phospate (β-Ca3(PO4)2), according to the following reaction:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bone ash or calcined bone in the manufacturing of Bone China, making Bone China generally more durable and translucent than kaolin based porcelain but one of the most expensive raw material for tableware industry (Douglas et al, 2015, Batista&Hand, 2001. Therefore it is the one of the important parameter for determining the cost of the Bone China ware.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Sintering Behaviour of Bone China Bodies Produced by Bone China Wastes

Güngör¹

2019

Uluslararası Muhendislik Arastirma Ve Gelistirme Dergisi

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Flawed and broken wastes obtained from the production of Bone China were used for formulating Bone China body recipe instead of albite, quartz and bone ash as the same chemical composition of original Bone China body. The amount of kaolin and clay were used as the same amount of the Bone China body due to obtain optimum plastic behaviour. This study was carried out in two steps. At the first step, compositions were fired at the original firing temperature of Bone China as 1250 °C and at the second step, compositions were fired at 1200 °C. Water absorption and pyroplastic deformation results of the bodies were measured. XRD and SEM determined the phase and microstructural evaluation of the bodies, respectively. As the amount of the Bone China waste increased amount of the glassy phase increased, anorthite and quartz were decreased. Technical properties of the bodies changed parallel to the microstructural changes. As the amount of bone waste increased in the compositions, optimum technical properties of the compositions were obtained at 1200 °C.

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Using bone ash as an additive in porcelain sintering

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Spodumene tailings for porcelain and structural materials: Effect of temperature (1050–1200 °C) on the sintering and properties

Spodumene tailings for porcelain and structural materials: Effect of temperature (1050–1200 °C) on the sintering and properties

Sintering Behavior and Technological Properties of Low-Temperature Porcelain Tiles Prepared Using a Lithium Ore and Silica Crucible Waste

Investigation of Sintering Behaviour of Bone China Bodies Produced by Bone China Wastes

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Using bone ash as an additive in porcelain sintering

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Spodumene tailings for porcelain and structural materials: Effect of temperature (1050–1200 °C) on the sintering and properties

Spodumene tailings for porcelain and structural materials: Effect of temperature (1050–1200 °C) on the sintering and properties

Sintering Behavior and Technological Properties of Low-Temperature Porcelain Tiles Prepared Using a Lithium Ore and Silica Crucible Waste

Investigation of Sintering Behaviour of Bone China Bodies Produced by Bone China Wastes

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Product

Resources

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Spodumene tailings for porcelain and structural materials: Effect of temperature (1050–1200 °C) on the sintering and properties

Spodumene tailings for porcelain and structural materials: Effect of temperature (1050–1200 °C) on the sintering and properties