Using calculations to estimate blood alcohol concentrations for naturally occurring drinking episodes: a validity study.

Hustad, John; Carey, Kate B.

doi:10.15288/jsa.2005.66.130

Cited by 130 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This possibility seems unlikely, given that, relative to collateral reports, self-reports do not appear to be systematically biased (Marlatt et al, 1998). Relative to objectively measured BACs, if anything college students appear to overreport their drinking (Carey and Hustad, 2002;Hustad and Carey, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Event- and context-specific normative misperceptions and high-risk drinking: 21st birthday celebrations and football tailgating.

et al. 2006

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Objective-Negative alcohol-related consequences often occur during specific events and in specific contexts (eg., 21st birthday celebrations and tailgating parties). A lack of available eventand context-specific interventions suggests the need to better understand factors associated with heavy drinking in these contexts, with an eye toward developing specific interventions. The purpose of this research was to lay the foundation for developing personalized normative feedback interventions for 21st birthday celebratory drinking and tailgating drinking by evaluating whether students overestimate norms in these specific contexts, as they do more generally.Method-Perceived descriptive norms and alcohol consumption were assessed at event-and context-specific levels in two studies. Study 1 included 119 students turning 21 years old who reported their 21st birthday drinking behavior and estimated the typical number of drinks consumed by students celebrating (their 21st birthday. Study 2 included 140 undergraduates drawn from a stratified random sample who reported their behavior regarding drinking and tailgating and their perceived norms for typical drinking and tailgating behavior.Results-Results from Study 1 revealed that students overestimated peer drinking during 21st birthday celebrations, and this overestimation was associated with heavier drinking on one's own 21st birthday. In Study 2, students underestimated the percentage of tailgaters who drank but overestimated typical consumption. Overestimation was consistently associated with heavier drinking during tailgating.Conclusions-Successful correction of general normative misperceptions has been shown to reduce drinking in other research. Documentation of normative misperceptions for specific events and context provided by these results represents an important step in developing event-and contextspecific interventions utilizing specific normative feedback.Alcohol-related negative consequences experienced by college students typically result from acute drinking episodes during specific event or in specific contexts (e.g., hangover after a party or a fight at a football game), rather than being the result of chronic heavy use over a long period of time (e.g., liver damage). Yet, prevention research has maintained a primarily macro perspective, most commonly assessing and targeting quantity and frequency of consumption and/or number and severity of consequences over some extended period of time (e.g., past 3 months). Similarly, predictors of high-risk drinking tend to be operationalized at

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Event- and context-specific normative misperceptions and high-risk drinking: 21st birthday celebrations and football tailgating.

et al. 2006

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“…Prior research has demonstrated concern over self-reported drinking behavior regarding reliability and validity (Carey & Hustad, 2002;Clapp et al, 2006;Hustad & Carey, 2005). However, research suggests that in comparison to other methods of assessing alcohol use, self-report is preferable (Laforge, Borsari, & Baer, 2005).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicated prevention for incoming freshmen: Personalized normative feedback and high-risk drinking

Lewis¹,

Neighbors²,

Oster-Aaland³

et al. 2007

Addictive Behaviors

137

112

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This research evaluated the efficacy of a computerized, freshmen-specific personalized normative feedback (PNF) intervention on reducing alcohol consumption among high-risk drinking freshmen. Students (N = 316; 53.8% female) completed measures of perceived drinking norms and drinking behavior. After completing the baseline assessment, students were randomly assigned to receive either freshmen-specific PNF that was gender-specific or gender-neutral, or to assessment only control. Findings demonstrated that students exhibited normative misperceptions for typical freshmen drinking behavior and that perceptions of typical same-sex freshmen drinking were positively associated with riskier drinking behavior. At follow-up, students randomly assigned to receive PNF reduced perceptions of typical freshmen drinking behavior and personal drinking behavior relative to those who did not receive PNF. Findings extend previous evaluations of computer-based PNF and suggest that computer-based PNF for incoming freshmen using utilizing freshmen-specific norms that are gender-specific may constitute a promising prevention strategy.

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“…Unfortunately, calculating BAC levels via standard formulas, such as Widmark's, does not provide an accurate measure of BAC (Carey and Hustad, 2002;Clapp et al, 2006Clapp et al, , 2009Hustad and Carey, 2005;Kraus et al, 2005). An investigation measuring BrAC levels of DDs with a hand-held breath testing device (Alco-Sensor III & IV breath alcohol analyzers; Intoximeters, Inc., St. Louis, MO) indicated that both male and female DDs exhibited BrACs (M = .06%) above levels that would impair psychomotor functions and overall driving ability (Timmerman, et al, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breath Alcohol Concentrations of Designated Drivers

Barry

Chaney

Stellefson

2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: This study established breath alcohol concentrations (BrACs) and alcohol-related behaviors of designated drivers (DDs) to determine (a) whether DDs are abstaining from drinking, (b) whether alcohol-related behaviors of non-DDs and DDs were different, and (c) whether the alcohol consumption of DDs resulted in BrAC levels that affected driving performance or caused psychomotor impairment. Method: We conducted six anonymous fi eld studies during a 3-month period in a southeastern college community restaurant and bar district. Intercept interviews were conducted with 1,071 bar patrons. Alcoholrelated behaviors, BrAC, and whether one was serving as a DD were measured. The sample was primarily White (72.7%), male (62.4%) college students (64.7%). Descriptive statistics and an independent sample t test compared the BrACs of DDs versus non-DDs. A one-way analysis of variance examined the differences in the alcohol-related behaviors (Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi cation Test-consumption [AUDIT-C] score) across DDs abstaining from drinking (BrAC = .00 g/210 L), drinking DDs (BrACs ≥ .02 and < .05 g/210 L), and impaired DDs (BrACs ≥ .05 g/210 L). A logistic regression assessed the impact of alcohol-related behaviors (AUDIT-C) on whether one was serving as a DD. Results: Of the 165 DDs, approximately 40% did not abstain from drinking. Approximately 17% of DDs had BrACs between .02 g/210 L and .049 g/210 L, whereas 18% recorded BrACs at .05 g/210 L or greater. The mean AUDIT-C score for impaired DDs signifi cantly differed from both abstaining DDs and drinking DDs. Participants with greater AUDIT-C scores were more likely to serve as a DD and have a BrAC that signifi cantly inhibited driving ability and psychomotor function. Conclusions: These fi ndings identify the need for consensus across researcher, layperson, and communication campaigns that a DD must be someone who has abstained from drinking entirely. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 74, 509-513, 2013)

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Using calculations to estimate blood alcohol concentrations for naturally occurring drinking episodes: a validity study.

Cited by 130 publications

References 25 publications

Event- and context-specific normative misperceptions and high-risk drinking: 21st birthday celebrations and football tailgating.

Event- and context-specific normative misperceptions and high-risk drinking: 21st birthday celebrations and football tailgating.

Indicated prevention for incoming freshmen: Personalized normative feedback and high-risk drinking

Breath Alcohol Concentrations of Designated Drivers

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