Using Cognitive and Affective Illustrations to Enhance Older Adults’ Website Satisfaction and Recall of Online Cancer-Related Information

Bol, Nadine; Weert, Julia C.M. van; Haes, Hanneke C. J. M. de; Loos, Eugène; Heer, Steven de; Sikkel, Dirk; Smets, Ellen M. A.

doi:10.1080/10410236.2013.771560

Cited by 62 publications

(76 citation statements)

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“…Several studies have shown that combining text with visuals improved recall of information (e.g., Morrow, Hier, Menard, & Leirer, 1998), while other studies only found positive effects for younger but not for older adults (e.g., Morrell, Park, & Poon, 1990), or no effects for both younger and older adults at all (e.g., Bol et al, 2014). With respect to audiovisual information, several studies have shown that videos improved recall of information in both younger and older adults as compared to text (e.g., Bol, Van Weert, De Haes, Loos, & Smets, 2015), while other studies have not found any difference between text and video (e.g., Corston & Colman, 1997).…”

Section: Theories Of Cognitive Learning: Unimodal or Multimodal Informentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the Mode of Information Presentation: Effects on Younger and Older Adults' Attention and Recall of Online Information

et al. 2016

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Previous studies have mainly focused on tailoring message content to match individual characteristics and preferences. This study investigates the effect of a website tailored to individual preferences for the mode of information presentation, compared to 4 nontailored websites on younger and older adults' attention and recall of information, employing a 5 (condition: tailored vs. text, text with illustrations, audiovisual, combination) × 2 (age:younger vs. older [≥65] adults) design (N = 559). The mode-tailored condition (relative to nontailored conditions) improved attention to the website and, consequently, recall in older adults, but not in younger adults. Younger adults recalled more from nontailored information such as text only or text with illustrations, relative to tailored information.Keywords: Modality, Tailoring, Mode of Presentation, Older Adults, Aging, Attention, Processing, Memory, Information Recall, Multimodal Information. doi:10.1111/hcre.12097 Until now, online tailoring studies have mainly focused on adjusting the content of a message to match recipients' individual characteristics (e.g., demographics) and preferences (e.g., relevant topics). Tailoring, or providing information that is relevant to one unique person and their situation, is proposed to be more effective than generic and static information (Rimer & Kreuter, 2006). Although content tailoring (Rimer & Kreuter, 2006) has led to positive results, for example, in the health domain, the effect sizes have been small (Noar, Benac, & Harris, 2007). Therefore, novel tailoring strategies are strongly encouraged as a way to increase message effectiveness (Smit, Linn, & Van Weert, 2015).Corresponding author: Minh Hao Nguyen; e-mail: m.h.nguyen@uva.nl This article was accepted for publication under the editorship of Dr. John Courtright. Mode-Tailored Online InformationOne way to move beyond content tailoring is to tailor online information to individual preferences for the modality (i.e., mode) of information presentation . In this study, we refer to "mode tailoring" as adjusting information to match individual preferences for presentation modality, using verbal (text), visual (static illustrations), and/or audiovisual (videos) information (Mayer, 2001). Mode tailoring is important, as the way in which message content is processed and remembered very much depends on how this information is being delivered (Kreuter, Oswald, Bull, & Clark, 2000;Ritterband, Thorndike, Cox, Kovatchev, & Gonder-Frederick, 2009). The ability to correctly remember and reproduce information is often referred to as recall of information (Jansen et al., 2008;Lang, 2000). Subsequently, this study empirically tests the effect of exposure to a website that can be tailored to individual preferences for the mode of information presentation on attention and recall of information.Mode tailoring may be especially relevant for target groups that may have difficulties processing and remembering online information, such as older adults. Older adults represent the most ra...

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Section: Theories Of Cognitive Learning: Unimodal or Multimodal Informentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the Mode of Information Presentation: Effects on Younger and Older Adults' Attention and Recall of Online Information

et al. 2016

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“…We wanted to keep the information on the webpage as constant as possible to ensure that recall was a function of the agerelated factors introduced rather than a function of various message-related factors that would interfere with age-related factors. For instance, if this study would have aimed to determine the role of text complexity, length, or type, we would have had to create different types of information, which calls for different research designs, such as experiments (Bol et al, 2014;Van Weert et al, 2011).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, involving and emotionally satisfying messages are known to increase patients' motivation to put cognitive effort into the processing of online information (Bol et al, 2014;Petty & Cacioppo, 1986). It has been argued that information is more deeply processed, and thus better recalled, when people are involved with the information (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986), and when they are emotionally satisfied with the information (Bol et al, 2014). We thus expect that increased website involvement and satisfaction with the emotional support from the website are positively related to recall of online cancer information among older cancer patients.…”

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confidence: 99%

Older Patients’ Recall of Online Cancer Information: Do Ability and Motivation Matter More than Chronological Age?

Bol

Smets

Burgers

et al. 2017

Journal of Health Communication

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This study proposes and tests a model to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the contribution of chronological age versus age-related ability and motivation factors in explaining recall of online cancer information among older patients (n = 197). Results revealed that recall is not a matter of chronological age per se, but rather a matter of ability and motivation. Age-related ability and motivation factors explained 37.9% of the variance in recall. Health literacy, involvement with the webpage, and satisfaction with the emotional support were positively associated with recall. Furthermore, recall was negatively related to frailty, anger, future time perspective, and perceived cognitive load. The findings pose relevant opportunities for tailoring interventions to improve online information provision for older cancer patients.

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“…For instance, the less complex the language and the more concrete presentations of healthrelated information (e.g., by including adequate visual cues and illustrations), the better the information are better recalled, especially by older adults (Kessels, 2003;cf. van Weert et al, 2011;Bol et al, 2014). However, rather than focusing on the language or content of the health-related messages, we aimed at contributing to the understanding to the impact of affective responses to the messages.…”

Section: Recall Of Medical Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are you Concerned? Patient Testimonials in Medical Communication Affect Healthy Recipients' Emotions and Memory

2018

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Medical communication and health care intervention programs often include testimonials (i.e., an account of individuals' experiences) when addressing health-related topics. Numerous findings provide evidence of the effectiveness of such testimonials on intentions for health behavior change. However, little is known about whether and how testimonials affect healthy lay people's reception of health information (e.g., in journalistic reports about medical innovations). The present studies tested whether using patients vs. doctors as testimonial protagonists in communication affects unconcerned recipients' affective experiences and their memory performance regarding text content. Two experiments (Prestudy: N = 43; Main Experiment: N = 97, university student samples) demonstrated that using patients as protagonists elicited stronger negative and weaker positive emotions in recipients than using doctors as protagonists. Results of one of the experiments further suggested that the affective experience influenced recipients' memory performance so that less positive and more negative DBS-related information was remembered when patients were protagonists, due to elicited negative emotions. The findings are discussed with regard to their implications for medical communication.

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Using Cognitive and Affective Illustrations to Enhance Older Adults’ Website Satisfaction and Recall of Online Cancer-Related Information

Cited by 62 publications

References 36 publications

Tailoring the Mode of Information Presentation: Effects on Younger and Older Adults' Attention and Recall of Online Information

Tailoring the Mode of Information Presentation: Effects on Younger and Older Adults' Attention and Recall of Online Information

Older Patients’ Recall of Online Cancer Information: Do Ability and Motivation Matter More than Chronological Age?

Are you Concerned? Patient Testimonials in Medical Communication Affect Healthy Recipients' Emotions and Memory

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