Using Conditional Discrimination Training to Produce Emergent Relations Between Coins and Their Values in Children With Autism

Abstract

The current study evaluated the effects of conditional discrimination (listener) training with coins on the emergence of novel stimulus relations, textual behavior, tacts, and intraverbals. Two preschoolers with autism were taught 3 relations among coins, their names, and values. After initial training, 4 relations emerged for the first participant and 7 for the second participant, suggesting that this technology can be incorporated into educational curricula for teaching prerequisite money skills to children with autism.

An Investigation of Stimulus Pairing and Listener Training to Establish Emergent Intraverbals in Children with Autism

“…These results support previous research that indicates LT may be an effective procedure to produce emergent intraverbal responses (Keintz et al 2011;Petursdottir et al 2008a). The findings counter those of Miguel et al (2005) and Petursdottir et al (2008a), but it is important to note that the present study did not target thematically related intraverbals (e.g., grouping items by category) which may help account for the difference in results.…”

“…For example, matching-tosample or listener training has demonstrated efficacy to establish emergent intraverbals to typically developing children (Miguel et al 2005;Petursdottir et al 2008b), and children with autism (Keintz, Miguel, Kao, & Finn 2011). The procedure involves a selection-based response whereby the learner is presented with an array of stimuli (e.g., scissors, chair, and lamp) and required to select one or multiple stimuli following presentation of an instruction ("point to the one you use to cut paper").…”

“…While some studies have reported failures following LT (Miguel et al 2005;Petursdottir et al 2008a), at least two studies demonstrated the emergence of some untaught intraverbals following LT to teach a small foreign language vocabulary to typically developing children (Petursdottir et al 2008a) and relations between coins and their values to children with autism (Keintz et al 2011). Petursdottir et al (2008a) required participants to emit a selection-based response (e.g., "Point to the one that is called (x) in Spanish") followed by probes for bidirectional intraverbal responses [e.g., "What does (Spanish name) mean in Icelandic?"…”

Restrição de resposta no procedimento go/no-go com estímulos compostos em crianças com autismo

“…Estes resultados corroboram com estudos com MTS nos quais somente algumas das relações emergem, ou todas as relações emergem somente para um participante (e.g. Keintz et al, 2011). Sendo assim, estudos futuros poderiam investigar outros procedimento de teste de relações emergentes, dado que os participantes aprendem as relações condicionais e não demonstram a emergência de todas as relações não diretamente treinadas.…”

“…Sidman et al, 1982, Frank & Wasserman, 2005García & Benjumea, 2006;Urcuioli, Lionello-DeNolf, Michalek, & Vasconcelos, 2006). Com participantes com autismo os achados são inconclusivos, dado que a emergência de todas as relações não diretamente treinadas ocorre somente para alguns dos participantes (Keintz et al, 2011), após o uso de treinos remediativos, como a nomeação dos estímulos (Eikeseth & Smith, 1992), ou treino de múltiplos exemplares (e.g. O'Connor et al 2011), ou apenas algumas das relações testadas emergem (Artzen et al, 2010).…”