“…This being the case, several researchers (Cooper et al, 1999;Despotis and Smirlis, 2002;Guo and Tanaka, 2001;Jahanshahloo et al, 2004;Kao and Liu, 2000b) started structuring FDEA models, allowing for the measurement of outputs and inputs as fuzzy numbers. Particularly with respect to FDEA applications on banking, studies to assess efficiency in the financial sector still remain scarce, and their major focus tends to relate to ranking of DMUs based on computed fuzzy efficiencies rather than predicting or explaining efficiency levels in terms of contextual variables (Chen et al, 2013;Puri & Yadav, 2014;Puri & Yadav, 2013;Wang et al, 2014;Hsiao et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2006). According to Hatami-Marbini et al (2011a), the huge dissemination of different models within a large scope of applications in terms of efficiency measurement demonstrates that FDEA models represent an effective path for handling uncertainty and vagueness when inputs/outputs are imprecise (Kao & Liu, 2000b).…”