Using Diazotization to Characterize the Effect of Heat or Sodium Hypochlorite on 2.0% Chlorhexidine

Basrani, Bettina; Manek, Sheela; Fillery, Edward D.

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2009.05.037

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(45 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…At the same time, NaOCl molecules are consumed, resulting in a decrease concentration and local activity (14) . Several studies have analyzed the interaction between NaOCl and CHX and found mixed results; while some have ruled out the presence of PCA (8,15) , others have demonstrated the formation of a brown-orange precipitate when NaOCl and CHX solutions are mixed, in addition to the presence of PCA in the precipitate (7,(16)(17)(18)(19) . These differences could be due to the varied methodologies used in the studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of residual parachloroaniline produced by endodontic treatment after the use of 5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine combined: an ex-vivo study

Alegre

Yévenes

Parada

et al. 2017

Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: The objective of this work was to determine the concentrations of irrigating solutions and the residual content of parachloroaniline (PCA) formed after endodontic irrigation, using 5% NaOCl, 0.9% NaCl, 10% EDTA and 2% CHX 2%. Methodology Twenty premolars were used and 13 samples were collected per tooth from each of the treatment phases. Samples of: NaOCl, EDTA, CHX and PCA were quantified by UV and visible spectrophotometry. Results: Sodium hypochlorite decreased its concentration from 3.8% to 3.4% in phases 1 to 4. In phases 5, 6 and 7, residual NaOCl was measured with concentrations of 0.007%, 0.003% and 0.001% %. The concentration of EDTA decreased to 8.85% in phase 8. In phases 9, 10 and 11, irrigated with serum, EDTA was quantified with concentrations of 0.013% to 0.002% and NaOCl values of 0.0011% to 0, 0006%. In phases 12 and 13, CHX concentrations were 1.850% and 1.812% and PCA values were 0.0005% and 0.0007%. PCA formation occurred in presence of 2% CHX and residual NaClO and was detected colorimetrically in phases 12 and 13. Conclusions. During endodontic irrigation the concentration of 5% NaOCl decreases significantly in the first four phases and the concentrations of EDTA and CHX also decrease. There is PCA training in the last stages of the procedure.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of residual parachloroaniline produced by endodontic treatment after the use of 5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine combined: an ex-vivo study

Alegre

Yévenes

Parada

et al. 2017

Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These fi ndings might be clinically relevant because PCA has been shown to be toxic. Considering that CHX can break down to form PCA by exposure to heat, it is not recommended to elevate the temperature of the CHX [ 8 ]. Figure 5.11 shows that the end products of the PCA, NaOCl/CHX precipitate, and 2.0 % CHX at 45 °C were yellow, indicating that an aromatic amine was present in all samples.…”

Section: Chx + Heatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MTAD has been recommended in clinical practice as a fi nal rinse after completion of conventional chemomechanical preparation [ 75 , 89 , 91 ]. Tubes with PCA and the NaOCl/CHX precipitate turned yellow after heating them to 45°, indicating that the amine (PCA) was present [ 8 ] Tetraclean (Ogna Laboratori Farmaceutici, Muggio, Italy) is a combination product similar to MTAD. The two irrigants differ in the concentration of antibiotics (doxycycline 150 mg/5 ml for MTAD and 50 mg/5 ml for Tetraclean) and the kind of detergent (Tween 80 for MTAD, polypropylene glycol for Tetraclean).…”

Section: Biopure Mtad and Tetracleanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of Endodontic Irrigating Solutions

Basrani¹,

Malkhassian²

2015

Endodontic Irrigation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Successful root canal therapy depends on thorough debridement of pulpal tissue, dentin debris, and infective microorganisms. Currently, it is impossible to predictably eradicate intraradicular infection with mechanical instrumentation alone. Therefore, irrigants are required to be used as an important addition in the disinfection process. This chapter analyzes the main irrigating solutions used during the endodontic treatment and their actions and interactions among them. Explanation of their mechanism of action and effect on dentin structure and on biofi lm is also described. A clinical protocol is proposed at the end of the chapter.The goal of endodontic treatment is to prevent or cure apical periodontitis. Apical periodontitis is an infl ammatory process in the periradicular tissues caused by microorganisms in the infected root canal [ 84 ]. It is well known that shaping, cleaning, and obturating the root canal system provide the strategy for successful treatment. The principle to reach favorable outcomes in endodontic infection management requires the recognition of the problem and the removal of the etiological factors.In endodontic disinfection, there are two main challenges which are important to be recognized the anatomical challenge and the microbiological challenge [ 42 ].The anatomical challenge can be divided into complexity of the root canal system, dentin structure, and dentin constituents. Anatomical Complexities (also see Chap. 2 ):Root canal is an enclosed complex space with intricate confi gurations and apical constriction it is important to mention here that more than 35 % of the root canal surface is left untouched by conventional instrumentation [ 35 , 64 ] (Fig. 5.1 ). Also, common instrumentation techniques accumulate debris in isthmus areas. Paque et al. showed explained that when rotary fi les are used in canal with a round cross section, the dentine particles that are cut from the canal wall are car-

show abstract

“…It is interesting that chlorhexidine used in combination with 3% hydrogen peroxide is more effective in combating E. faecalis bacteria than the independent use of both of these two fluids [20]. It is, however, inadvisable to use chlorhexidine as a rinsing agent immediately after NaOCI, as there is a chemical reaction which takes place between them, leading to the formation of a precipitate containing para-chloroaniline (PCA) [21][22][23]. PCA is highly toxic and is potentially carcinogenic, which has been observed in animal tests [24].…”

Section: Chlorhexidine -Chxmentioning

confidence: 99%