Using Epidemiological Data to Address Psychological Questions about Pedestrian Behaviour

Dunbar, George

doi:10.1016/b978-008044379-9/50157-6

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some difficulty handling the far lane were also observed in the young pedestrians, (Dunbar, 2005(Dunbar, , 2012 or among people with Alzheimer's disease (Gorrie, Brown, & Waite, 2008). In contrast, the results of the present study suggest that decision-making is only slightly affected in younger- The old participants in the present experiment were also found to have difficulty safely handling situations where vehicles were approaching at a high speed.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…As shown in a French accident study, old pedestrians are more likely to be hit during the second half of the crossing, i.e., on the far side of the road (Fontaine & Gourlet, 1997). Dunbar (2005Dunbar ( , 2012 analyzed road-accident data from Great Britain but obtained different findings by observing an especially high risk of accidents among the oldest pedestrians on the near side of the street.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Crossing a two-way street: comparison of young and old pedestrians

Dommès¹,

Cavallo²,

Dubuisson³

et al. 2014

Journal of Safety Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossing a two-way street: comparison of young and old pedestrians

Dommès¹,

Cavallo²,

Dubuisson³

et al. 2014

Journal of Safety Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A simulator study investigating visual exploration strategies suggested that older pedestrians make crossing decisions mainly on the basis of the gap available in the near lane, while neglecting the far lane . However, other studies have shown that pedestrians, and particularly the oldest ones, are more often involved in accidents in the early part of the crossings (Dunbar, 2012(Dunbar, , 2005Ward et al, 1994). The relative riskiness of near-side accidents seems to follow a reverse J-shaped curve across the lifespan, falling in late childhood and continuing fall until it rises again after age 85 (Dunbar, 2012).…”

Section: Choosing a Time Gap For Crossingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of safety and mobility issues among older pedestrians

Tournier

Dommès²,

Cavallo³

2016

Accident Analysis & Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tAlthough old people make up an extremely vulnerable road-user group, older pedestrians' difficulties have been studied less extensively than those of older drivers, and more knowledge of this issue is still required. The present paper reviews current knowledge of older-adult problems with the main components of pedestrian activity, i.e., walking and obstacle negotiation, wayfinding, and road crossing. Compared to younger ones, old pedestrians exhibit declining walking skills, with a walking speed decrease, less stable balance, less efficient wayfinding strategies, and a greater number of unsafe road crossing behaviors. These difficulties are linked to age-related changes in sensorial, cognitive, physical, and self-perception abilities. It is now known that visual impairment, physical frailty, and attention deficits have a major negative impact on older pedestrians' safety and mobility, whereas the roles of self-evaluation and self-regulation are still poorly understood. All these elements must be taken into consideration, not only in developing effective safety interventions targeting older pedestrians, but also in designing roads and cars. Recent initiatives are presented here and some recommendations are proposed.

show abstract

“…Three of the most common crash configurations involving pedestrians and vehicles are offside (left side, the side of vehicle nearest the centreline), nearside (right side, the side of vehicle nearest the kerb), and dart‐out accidents. Researchers have suggested that older pedestrians are over‐involved in offside crashes . This is likely because older people walk more slowly than younger people do and thus have more difficulty crossing roads before the arrival of traffic or before traffic signals change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accidents involving pedestrians with their backs to traffic or facing traffic: an evaluation of crash characteristics and injuries

Chen

Jou

Saleh

et al. 2016

J of Advced Transportation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThis paper examines pedestrian anatomical injuries and crash characteristics in back-to-traffic and facingtraffic crashes. Pedestrian crashes involving pedestrians walking along streets (i.e. with their backs to traffic or facing traffic) have been overlooked in literature. Although this is not the most frequent type of crash, the crash consequence to pedestrians is a safety concern. Combining Taiwan A1A2 police-reported accident data and data from the National Health Insurance Database from years 2003-2013, this paper examines anatomical injuries and crash characteristics in back-to-traffic and facing-traffic crashes. There were a total of 830 and 2267 pedestrian casualties in back-to-traffic and facing-traffic crashes respectively. The injuries sustained by pedestrians and crash characteristics of these two crash types were compared with those of other crossing types of crashes (nearside crash, nearside dart-out crash, offside crash, and offside dart-out crash). Odds of various injuries to body regions were estimated using logistic regressions. Key findings include that the percentage of fatalities in back-to-traffic crashes is the highest; logistic models reveal that pedestrians in back-to-traffic crashes sustained more head, neck, and spinal injuries than did pedestrians in other crash types, and unlit darkness and non-built-up roadways were associated with an increased risk of pedestrian head injuries. Several crash features (e.g. unlit darkness, overtaking manoeuvres, phone use by pedestrians and drivers, and intoxicated drivers) are more frequently evident in back-to-traffic crashes than in other types of crashes. The current research suggests that in terms of crash consequence, facing traffic is safer than back to traffic.

show abstract

Using Epidemiological Data to Address Psychological Questions about Pedestrian Behaviour

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Crossing a two-way street: comparison of young and old pedestrians

Crossing a two-way street: comparison of young and old pedestrians

Review of safety and mobility issues among older pedestrians

Accidents involving pedestrians with their backs to traffic or facing traffic: an evaluation of crash characteristics and injuries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About