Using Eye Tracking to Explore the Guidance and Constancy of Visual Variables in 3D Visualization

Liu, Bing; Dong, Weihua; Meng, Liqiu

doi:10.3390/ijgi6090274

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A number of studies explored simple 3D geovisualizations [36,45,53,54]. Other studies explored complex stimuli similar to real-world settings [4,19,55].…”

Section: Geographical Task Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

The 3D hype: Evaluating the potential of real 3D visualization in geo-related applications

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of 3D visualization technologies has increased rapidly in many applied fields, including geovisualization, and has been researched from many different perspectives. However, the findings for the benefits of 3D visualization, especially in stereoscopic 3D forms, remain inconclusive and disputed. Stereoscopic "real" 3D visualization was proposed as encouraging the visual perception of shapes and volume of displayed content yet criticised as problematic and limited in a number of ways, particularly in visual discomfort and increased response time in tasks. In order to assess the potential of real 3D visualization for geo-applications, 91 participants were engaged in this study to work with digital terrain models in different 3D settings. The researchers examined the effectivity of stereoscopic real 3D visualization compared to monoscopic 3D (or pseudo 3D) visualization under static and interactive conditions and applied three tasks with experimental stimuli representing different geo-related phenomena, i.e. objects in the terrain, flat areas marked in the terrain and terrain elevation profiles. The authors explored the significant effects of real 3D visualization and interactivity factors in terms of response time and correctness. Researchers observed that the option to interact (t =-10.849, p < 0.001) with a virtual terrain and its depiction with real 3D visualization (t = 4.64, p < 0.001) extended the participants' response times. Counterintuitively, the data demonstrated that the static condition increased response correctness (z = 5.38, p < 0.001). Regarding detailed analysis of data, an interactivity factor was proposed as a potential substitute for real 3D visualization in 3D geographical tasks.

show abstract

“…A number of studies explored simple 3D geovisualizations [36,45,53,54]. Other studies explored complex stimuli similar to real-world settings [4,19,55].…”

Section: Geographical Task Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

The 3D hype: Evaluating the potential of real 3D visualization in geo-related applications

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most of the recent user studies in cartography use either only static 3D maps or interactive 3D maps as stimuli, not both. Static stimuli have been used, for example, by Schobesberger and Patterson [9], Engel et al [18], Niedomysl et al [19], Popelka and Brychtová [20], Seipel [21], Popelka and Doležalová [22], Preppernau and Jenny [23], Rautenbach et al [24], Zhou et al [25], and Liu et al [26], whilst interactive stimuli have been used by Abend et al [27], Wilkening and Fabrikant [28], Treves et al [29], Špriňarová et al [30], McKenzie and Klippel [31], Carbonell-Carrera and Saorín [32], and Herman et al [33].…”

Section: Static Versus Interactive 3d Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of User Performance in Interactive and Static 3D Maps

Heřman

Juřík

Stachoň

et al. 2018

IJGI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Interactive 3D visualizations of geospatial data are currently available and popular through various applications such as Google EarthTM and others. Several studies have focused on user performance with 3D maps, but static 3D maps were mostly used as stimuli. The main objective of this paper was to identify differences between interactive and static 3D maps. We also explored the role of different tasks and inter-individual differences of map users. In the experimental study, we analyzed effectiveness, efficiency, and subjective preferences, when working with static and interactive 3D maps. The study included 76 participants and used a within-subjects design. Experimental testing was performed using our own testing tool 3DmoveR 2.0, which was based on a user logging method and open web technologies. We demonstrated statistically significant differences between interactive and static 3D maps in effectiveness, efficiency, and subjective preferences. Interactivity influenced the results mainly in ‘spatial understanding’ and ‘combined’ tasks. From the identified differences, we concluded that the results of the user studies with static 3D maps as stimuli could not be transferred to interactive 3D visualizations or virtual reality.

show abstract

“…There are many types of research on geographical cognition, especially in the field of cartography, and these studies attempt to improve the researcher's ability to understand maps by changing the color, size, and shape of symbols [41][42][43][44]. This paper proposes cognition and visualization efficiency to evaluate the advantages of self-explanatory symbols and photorealistic scene cooperation.…”

Section: Disaster Scene Cognition and Visualization Efficiency Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fusion Visualization Method for Disaster Information Based on Self-Explanatory Symbols and Photorealistic Scene Cooperation

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2019

IJGI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scientific and appropriate visualizations increase the effectiveness and readability of disaster information. However, existing fusion visualization methods for disaster scenes have some deficiencies, such as the low efficiency of scene visualization and difficulties with disaster information recognition and sharing. In this paper, a fusion visualization method for disaster information, based on self-explanatory symbols and photorealistic scene cooperation, was proposed. The self-explanatory symbol and photorealistic scene cooperation method, the construction of spatial semantic rules, and fusion visualization with spatial semantic constraints were discussed in detail. Finally, a debris flow disaster was selected for experimental analysis. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively realize the fusion visualization of disaster information, effectively express disaster information, maintain high-efficiency visualization, and provide decision-making information support to users involved in the disaster process.

show abstract

Using Eye Tracking to Explore the Guidance and Constancy of Visual Variables in 3D Visualization

Cited by 14 publications

References 68 publications

The 3D hype: Evaluating the potential of real 3D visualization in geo-related applications

The 3D hype: Evaluating the potential of real 3D visualization in geo-related applications

Evaluation of User Performance in Interactive and Static 3D Maps

A Fusion Visualization Method for Disaster Information Based on Self-Explanatory Symbols and Photorealistic Scene Cooperation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About