Using Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools in Cosmetic Surgery: A Study on Rhinoplasty, Facelifts, and Blepharoplasty Procedures

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI), notably Generative Adversarial Networks, has the potential to transform medical and patient education. Leveraging GANs in medical fields, especially cosmetic surgery, provides a plethora of benefits, including upholding patient confidentiality, ensuring broad exposure to diverse patient scenarios, and democratizing medical education. This study investigated the capacity of AI models, DALL-E 2, Midjourney, and Blue Willow, to generate realistic images pertinent to cosmetic surgery. We combined the generative powers of ChatGPT-4 and Google’s BARD with these GANs to produce images of various noses, faces, and eyelids. Four board-certified plastic surgeons evaluated the generated images, eliminating the need for real patient photographs. Notably, generated images predominantly showcased female faces with lighter skin tones, lacking representation of males, older women, and those with a body mass index above 20. The integration of AI in cosmetic surgery offers enhanced patient education and training but demands careful and ethical incorporation to ensure comprehensive representation and uphold medical standards.

Can AI Answer My Questions? Utilizing Artificial Intelligence in the Perioperative Assessment for Abdominoplasty Patients

“…LLMs are trained on large amounts of data and finetuned to generate human-like text [32][33][34][35]. Consequently, they have the potential to significantly enhance the process of providing information to patients, serving as a valuable adjunct to traditional patient education methods [16,[36][37][38][39][40][41]. By delivering instant, accessible, and personalized responses to patient inquiries, LLMs can significantly enhance the patient care experience.…”

“…Since the introduction of Open AI's ChatGPT-3.5 large language models (LLMs) in November 2022, integration of such models into the healthcare sector has experienced an exponential increase. A large diversity of applications includes triage, diagnosis, treatment, research, education, and preoperative planning [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Given the infancy of such technology, the possibilities for application in plastic surgery are currently boundless [18][19][20].…”

ChatGPT in medicine: prospects and challenges: a review article

“…Simultaneously, personalized images can be generated according to patients’ descriptions, allowing them to preview the expected postoperative outcome, which is especially helpful for doctor–patient communication in the field of plastic surgery. By concretizing patients’ expectations, ChatGPT can also help doctors design more personalized surgeries and alleviate the preoperative anxiety of patients 25 .…”

“…For novice surgeons requiring clinical experience, ChatGPT can simulate surgery procedures, delineate the surgical steps, and elucidate the rationale behind each action, which can help them become familiar with these procedures before the actual operation 27 . Irrespective of regional or institutional variations, clinicians can access uniform and high-quality visual resources for learning and training 25 .…”