Using Geographic Information System Technology to Improve Emergency Management and Disaster Response for People With Disabilities

Abstract

Disability, as a product of person-environment interactionexample, disasters do not respect governmental jurisdictions-hurricanes cross state lines, floods don't stop at the city or county limits, volcanic ash and radioactive fallout carry across oceans, a flu epidemic can be global. A disaster that crosses jurisdictions-more than one town, or county, or state, or country-also reveals variations in administrative responses to the same event. When significantly varied responses are evident in different affected jurisdictions, the differences in policy environments become more obvious. A geographic information system (GIS) can play a role in identifying spatial differences in response patterns. Retrospective analysis, with identification of best and worst practices, can lead to lessons learned, operational systems changes, and broad-based policy realignment.

Designing a model of patient tracking system for natural disaster in Iran

“…Regarding technology theme, in the present study, tagging, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops available at scene equipped with GPS and personal area network, web portal, and software capacities and capabilities were derived, which is consistent with other studies. Electronic triage tags such as smart tags and other sensors to determine triage level and identify the patients, confirmed in the present study, are in agreement with Tactical Medical Coordination System Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and the Naval Aerospace,[ 28 ] trauma patient tracking system,[ 29 ] also the measures of Advanced Health and Disaster Aid Network collaborating with Washington's public health and prehospital emergency services,[ 17 ] Study of three groups of Washington's public health and prehospital emergency services supported with National Medical Library,[ 25 ] electronic patient record at John's Mercy Medical Center at the USA,[ 30 ] Wireless Internet Information System for Medical Response in Disasters in common project of University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Funded by the National Library of Medicine,[ 18 ] Disaster and Mass Casualty Information Management System collaborating with Tokyo Electronic Systems Corporation in collaboration with the Osaka General Medical Center of the Osaka[ 27 ] that have reported use of radio-frequency identification RFID tags, standard tags IEEE 802.11, bar-code, and smart triage tags.…”

“…Reporting and information release were a concept found to be confirmed by the model in the present study. This finding is consistent with IPTI George Washington University,[ 23 24 ] tracking the patients’ at England's Ministry of Health,[ 19 ] Emergency Medical Information System of MHLW,[ 20 ] Disaster and Mass Casualty Information Management System of Tokyo Electronic Systems Corporation in collaboration with the Osaka General Medical Center of the Osaka,[ 27 ] project on information-support solution in Emergency Medical services of Fukuoka Medical Association[ 28 ] which confirms the components drawn from the model in this study.…”

Using Mobile Disaster Response System in Bridge Management

“…The approach consists of three solutions including: − Mobile GPS-and GIS-based data reports: this solution shortens the procedures of data input and modification, and finally produces accurate and up-todate records. Since construction engineers and workers could dynamically gather the disaster information, the disaster managers could determine the disaster response by retrieving, transferring, updating, manipulating, and analyzing the received disaster information along with GIS (Chen et al 2004;Enders, Brandt 2007;Sardadi et al 2008). When construction engineers and workers employ mobile phones and the embedded GPS to explain the disaster information regarding an impacted bridge, disas-Downloaded by [North Dakota State University] at 11:32 18 February 2015 ter managers could determine the safety and the suitability of the bridge for future use, schedule the optimal routes to reach the affected disaster areas, or evacuate the stalemated population (Kwan, Lee 2005;Kamat, El-Tawil 2007).…”

Effect of Oxidation on Weld Strengthof Dissimilar Resistance Weld Interface Between 304 Stainless Steeland Near Equiatomic Austenitic Nitinol Guide Wire

“…The bulk material (zone 4) is the base metal that is completely unaffected by the arc and heat input. This material is unchanged because all heat has been dissipated by the HAZ so that there is not sufficient heat to alter the material's grain structure [1,2] .…”

“…Zone 2 is the partially solid zone (mushy zone). Zone 3 is the partially transformed region which no melting has occurred but enough heat has been transferred to alter grain structure [1] .…”