Using GOME NO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; satellite data to examine regional differences in TOMCAT model performance

Savage, Nick; Law, Kathy S.; Pyle, J. A.; Richter, Andreas; Nüß, H.; Burrows, J. P.

doi:10.5194/acp-4-1895-2004

Cited by 54 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…27 In winter, the ratios are larger in the southern Sahara Desert due to the NO x emission from soil. Domestic heating sources could contribute to the larger ratios over the northern and southern hemisphere as the seasons shift.…”

Section: Spatial Characteristics Of Nomentioning

confidence: 98%

Monitoring of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide using Ozone Monitoring Instrument remote sensing data

Xiao

Jiang

Song

et al. 2013

J. Appl. Remote Sens

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Measurements from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument are used to investigate the temporal and spatial dynamics of global nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ). The results show that the global tropospheric column NO 2 increased by 11.10% during 2005 to 2010 at a 1.76% annual growth rate. The largest tropospheric and total NO 2 columns are mainly concentrated in the industrialized regions of North America, Europe, and east Asia. The large values of column NO 2 are also observed and scattered in South America, Africa, and Indonesia due to biomass burning and savannah fires. Average tropospheric column NO 2 increased by 32.62% at a 4.82% annual rate over eastern Asia. On the contrary, the trend decreased by 35.47% at a 7.04% annual rate over eastern America. The trend was not significant over Europe as a whole, where a decrease was observed over western and southern Europe and an increase was observed over eastern and northern Europe. Over the polluted urban areas, the ratios of tropospheric to total column NO 2 are larger than 0.6 and the correlation coefficients are larger than 0.8. This can be mainly attributed to the anthropogenic NO x emissions over land, and it is noteworthy that the ratios are higher than 0.8 (correlation coefficients >0.95) over northern China.

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Section: Spatial Characteristics Of Nomentioning

confidence: 98%

Monitoring of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide using Ozone Monitoring Instrument remote sensing data

Xiao

Jiang

Song

et al. 2013

J. Appl. Remote Sens

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“…Air pollution has become a major problem in China. Previous studies have shown that the concentrations of aerosols, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and ozone in the atmosphere were higher in China relative to other regions in the Northern Hemisphere (Burrows et al, 1999;Savage et al, 2004;van Donkelaar et al, 2010). These pollutants play important roles in the physicochemical processes in the atmosphere and can affect the fate of atmospheric Hg.…”

Section: Limitations Implications and Research Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of atmospheric mercury in China: a critical review

et al. 2015

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Abstract. China presently contributes the largest amount of anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emission into the atmosphere in the world. Over the past decade, numerous studies have been conducted to characterize the concentration and forms of atmospheric Hg in China, which provide insights into the spatial and temporal distributions of atmospheric Hg through ground-based measurements at widely diverse geographical locations and during cruise and flight campaigns. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the state of understanding in atmospheric Hg in China. Gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) and particulate-bound mercury (PBM) measured at the remote sites in China are substantially elevated compared to the background values in the Northern Hemisphere. In Chinese urban areas, the highly elevated GEM, PBM and gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) were mainly derived from local anthropogenic Hg emissions, whereas regional anthropogenic emissions and long-range transport from domestic source regions are the primary causes of the elevated GEM and PBM concentrations at remote sites. Using 7-9 years of continuous observations at a remote site and an urban site, a slight increase in atmospheric GEM (2.4-2.5 % yr −1 ) was identified (paired samples test: p < 0.01), which is in agreement with the increasing domestic anthropogenic emissions. Anthropogenic GEM emission quantity in China estimated through the observed GEM / CO concentration ratios ranged from 632 to 1138 t annually over the past decade, 2-3 times larger than published values using emission activity data. Modeling results and filed measurements show dry deposition is the predominant process for removing Hg from the atmosphere, 2.5-9.0 times larger than wet deposition, due to the elevated atmospheric GEM and PBM concentrations that facilitate dry deposition to terrestrial landscapes. Further studies to reconcile the observed and simulated Hg concentrations, to understand the impact of domestic emission reduction on Hg concentration and deposition and to delineate the role of Hg emission and deposition of China in the global Hg biogeochemical cycle, are needed.

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“…In this study, we include the bromine source from polar sea ice, as introduced by Yang et al (2008), in addition to the two sources already included in our previous studies: open ocean sea salt (Yang et al, 2005) and bromocarbons (Warwick et al, 2006). For more detailed information about the physical and chemical aspects of the model, see related papers by Wang et al (1999), Savage et al (2004), O'Connor et al (2005), Cook et al (2007) and O 'Brien et al (2009).…”

Section: Basic Model Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snow-sourced bromine and its implications for polar tropospheric ozone

et al. 2010

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Abstract. In the last two decades, significant depletion of boundary layer ozone (ozone depletion events, ODEs) has been observed in both Arctic and Antarctic spring. ODEs are attributed to catalytic destruction by bromine radicals (Br plus BrO), especially during bromine explosion events (BEs), when high concentrations of BrO periodically occur. However, neither the exact source of bromine nor the mechanism for sustaining the observed high BrO concentrations is completely understood. Here, by considering the production of sea salt aerosol from snow lying on sea ice during blowing snow events and the subsequent release of bromine, we successfully simulate the BEs using a global chemistry transport model. We find that heterogeneous reactions play an important role in sustaining a high fraction of the total inorganic bromine as BrO. We also find that emissions of bromine associated with blowing snow contribute significantly to BrO at mid-latitudes. Modeled tropospheric BrO columns generally compare well with the tropospheric BrO columns retrieved from the GOME satellite instrument (Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment). The additional blowing snow bromine source, identified here, reduces modeled high latitude lower tropospheric ozone amounts by up to an average 8% in polar spring.

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Using GOME NO<sub>2</sub> satellite data to examine regional differences in TOMCAT model performance

Cited by 54 publications

References 45 publications

Monitoring of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide using Ozone Monitoring Instrument remote sensing data

Monitoring of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide using Ozone Monitoring Instrument remote sensing data

Observations of atmospheric mercury in China: a critical review

Snow-sourced bromine and its implications for polar tropospheric ozone

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