“…Consider the images to be classified as N , where n = 1, 2,…, N , and their respective weighted features are [ f ∧ 1, f ∧ 2,…, f ∧ N ]. The aim is to classify these images into two classes, that is, lesion benign and malignant, binary classification with the help of kernel function [ 37 , 38 ]. Consider the training data of the form D = {( x 1 , y 1 ),…, ( x m , y m )}, where m is the number of training samples, and associated output y i ∈ {+1, −1} as class label and the linear classification function as with v being a weighted vector and b a scalar bias value.…”