Using inflammatory indices for assessing malnutrition among COVID-19 patients: A single-center retrospective study

Systemic inflammation index, disease severity, and mortality in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The study design was prospective in three studies ( 50 , 67 , 68 ), unclear in one ( 66 ), and retrospective in the remaining 36 ( 21 , 36 – 49 , 51 – 65 , 69 – 74 ). The clinical endpoints included mortality in 19 studies ( 36 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 48 , 49 , 51 , 52 , 55 , 56 , 58 , 60 , 61 , 65 , 66 , 68 , 73 ), and measures of severe disease as follows: disease severity based on existing guidelines in eight ( 42 , 44 , 63 , 64 , 67 , 70 , 72 , 74 ), transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) in eight ( 38 , 40 , 45 , 50 , 53 , 62 , 68 , 69 ), invasive mechanical ventilation in two ( 46 , 52 ), disease progression in two ( 57 , 71 ), prolonged hospital stay in one ( 21 ), intubation in one ( 37 ), deep vein thrombosis in one ( 54 ), acute pulmonary embolism in one ( 54 ), and acute limb ischemia in one ( 39 ). All studies reported the SII on hospital admission.…”

“…Thirty-nine studies (with 45 patient groups) reported the SII in 19,352 patients (mean age 61 years, 55% males) with a non-severe disease/survivor status and 5,524 patients (mean age 69 years, 60% males) with a severe disease/non-survivor status. Twenty-three studies were conducted in Asia ( 36 , 38 , 40 – 42 , 48 – 51 , 57 , 59 , 62 – 68 , 70 – 74 ), eleven in Europe ( 21 , 39 , 43 , 44 , 47 , 55 , 56 , 58 , 60 , 61 , 69 ), four in America ( 37 , 45 , 46 , 52 ), and one in Africa ( 53 ) ( Table 1 ).…”

“…The risk of bias was low in 29 studies ( 21 , 36 , 37 , 39 – 41 , 43 – 45 , 47 , 49 , 51 – 53 , 55 – 61 , 64 , 65 , 67 , 69 , 71 – 74 ) and high in the remaining ten ( 38 , 42 , 46 , 48 , 50 , 62 , 63 , 66 , 68 , 70 ) ( Supplementary Table 3 ).…”

“…Twenty-one studies (28 patient groups) in 17,863 COVID-19 patients (60% males, mean age 66 years), all retrospective, reported sensitivity and specificity of the ability of the SII to predict severe disease or mortality ( 36 – 40 , 42 , 45 , 47 , 48 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 61 , 64 , 68 – 70 , 72 , 74 ). Twelve studies were performed in Asia ( 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 48 , 51 , 54 , 64 , 68 , 70 , 72 , 74 ), six in Europe ( 39 , 47 , 56 , 58 , 61 , 69 ), two in America ( 37 , 45 ), and one in Africa ( 53 ). The studied endpoint was mortality in 12 studies ( 36 , 37 , 39 , 45 , 47 , 48 , 51 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 61 , 68 ), ICU admission in seven ( 38 – 40 , 45 , 53 , 68 , 69 ), disease severity based on existing guidelines in five ( 42 , 64 , 70 , 72 , 74 ), acute pulmonary embolism in one ( 61 ), acute limb ischemia in one ( ...…”

“…Twelve studies were performed in Asia ( 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 48 , 51 , 54 , 64 , 68 , 70 , 72 , 74 ), six in Europe ( 39 , 47 , 56 , 58 , 61 , 69 ), two in America ( 37 , 45 ), and one in Africa ( 53 ). The studied endpoint was mortality in 12 studies ( 36 , 37 , 39 , 45 , 47 , 48 , 51 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 61 , 68 ), ICU admission in seven ( 38 – 40 , 45 , 53 , 68 , 69 ), disease severity based on existing guidelines in five ( 42 , 64 , 70 , 72 , 74 ), acute pulmonary embolism in one ( 61 ), acute limb ischemia in one ( 39 ), and deep vein thrombosis in one ( 61 ) ( Table 4 ).…”