Using infrared spectroscopy of serum and chemometrics for diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis

Koehler, Alessandra; Scroferneker, Maria Lúcia; Pereira, Beatriz Aparecida Soares; Souza, Nikolas Mateus Pereira de; Cavalcante, Ricardo de Souza; Mendes, Rinaldo Pôncio; Corbellini, Valeriano Antônio

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115021

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In this region, the absorption of immunoglobulins IgG 2 , IgG 3 , and IgG 4 occurred [23], which could explain its contribution in differentiating samples with lower and higher concentrations of antibodies. Despite the differences found in the region from 1727 to 1403 cm −1 , the best PLS models for the antibody titer prediction were obtained with the use of the full spectrum, evidencing that contributions showing antibody concentrations were present across the entire spectrum, not just in that specific region [17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Thus, the model proposed here had no diagnostic validity, and the diagnosis must be previously performed using another method. As already shown by our research group, FTIR and multivariate calibration (specifically PLS-DA) can be used for PCM diagnosis, differentiating serum from these patients from healthy individuals and from patients with other systemic mycoses [17]. Thus, one possibility would be to use FTIR for both approaches, i.e., the PLS-DA model for diagnosis and the PLS model for antibody titration.…”

Section: Set/figures Of Meritmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recently, our research group developed a method for diagnosing PCM in serum using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) [17]. Considering that FTIR is a technique that allows to determine the "molecular fingerprint" of a sample [18], we hypothesized that it would be possible to apply this technique for antibody titration, which is traditionally done by DID.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibody Titer Prediction from Serum Immunodiffusion Test of Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis Using Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

Koehler,

Scroferneker,

de Moraes

et al. 2023

Analytica

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Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis caused by fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides. Serological tests are auxiliary in the diagnosis of PCM. However, the lack of standardization is a central problem in serodiagnosis and antibody titration. The objective of this study was to propose a methodology based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for predicting antibody titers in patients with PCM. A total of 118 serum samples from patients with PCM were included, for which antibody titration using double immunodiffusion (DID) was previously performed. Serum samples were analyzed by attenuated total reflection (ATR)-FTIR and a supervised analysis with partial least squares regression (PLS) was used to predict the antibody titers. The PLS model with two latent variables and with the use of one orthogonal signal correction (OSC) showed a determination coefficient (R2) higher than 0.9999 for both the calibration and prediction set. The model was able to predict the antibody titers from patients with PCM with a minimal error. Therefore, modeling with FTIR/ATR and multivariate calibration proved to be a fast and highly accurate method for antibody titration, replacing the need for antigen production and performance of traditional serological tests.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Set/figures Of Meritmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibody Titer Prediction from Serum Immunodiffusion Test of Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis Using Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

Koehler,

Scroferneker,

de Moraes

et al. 2023

Analytica

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“…In recent decades, advances have been made in the development of new molecular techniques for the detection of Paracoccidioides DNA in clinical samples, including amplification of ribosomal DNA region (rDNA), gene-expressing GP43 glycoprotein, and quantitative Chain Reaction Polymerase (qPCR) platform duplex PCR assay [ 63 , 138 , 151 , 152 ]. The implementation of new methodologies based on photonic techniques and machine learning algorithms has been suggested, such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy [ 148 , 153 , 154 ].…”

Section: Paracoccidiodomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis and Paracoccidioidomycosis

Peçanha-Pietrobom

Tirado‐Sánchez

Gonçalves

et al. 2023

JoF

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Coccidioidomycosis (CM) and paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) are systemic mycoses that are highly endemic in Latin America and have recently been included on the World Health Organization (WHO) Fungal Priority Pathogens List. Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii are recognized as etiological agents of CM, with peculiarities in their geographic distribution. The genus Paracoccidioides now includes Paracoccidioides lutzii and the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis complex, which encompasses four phylogenetic species. In both diseases, pulmonary signs and symptoms are the main reasons for patients to seek medical assistance, and they are frequently misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. In this paper, we present a critical view of the strategies for diagnosis and clinical management of CM and PCM. Over the past few decades, there has been an increase in the number of reports of endemic fungal infections in areas previously thought to be “non-endemic” due to climate change and increased travel, among other factors. Learning to recognize their main epidemiological aspects and clinical manifestations is crucial so that clinicians can include them in the differential diagnosis of lung disease and avoid late diagnosis.

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“…To validate FTIR data as a diagnostic tool, complex tools based on multivariate statistics (chemometrics) are mostly used, with the use of supervised classification methods [15]. FTIR has already been used for PCM diagnosis, using the machine learning algorithms discriminant analysis (DA), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM) [16], and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Classification of Serum from Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis Using Infrared Spectroscopy, Univariate Statistics, and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA)

Koehler,

Scroferneker,

de Souza

et al. 2024

JoF

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Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis that is diagnosed by visualizing the fungus in clinical samples or by other methods, like serological techniques. However, all PCM diagnostic methods have limitations. The aim of this study was to develop a diagnostic tool for PCM based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. A total of 224 serum samples were included: 132 from PCM patients and 92 constituting the control group (50 from healthy blood donors and 42 from patients with other systemic mycoses). Samples were analyzed by attenuated total reflection (ATR) and a t-test was performed to find differences in the spectra of the two groups. The wavenumbers that had p < 0.05 had their diagnostic potential evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The spectral region with the lowest p value was used for variable selection through principal component analysis (PCA). The selected variables were used in a linear discriminant analysis (LDA). In univariate analysis, the ROC curves with the best performance were obtained in the region 1551–1095 cm−1. The wavenumber that had the highest AUC value was 1264 cm−1, achieving a sensitivity of 97.73%, specificity of 76.01%, and accuracy of 94.22%. The total separation of groups was obtained in the PCA performed with a spectral range of 1551–1095 cm−1. LDA performed with the eight wavenumbers with the greatest weight from the group discrimination in the PCA obtained 100% accuracy. The methodology proposed here is simple, fast, and highly accurate, proving its potential to be applied in the diagnosis of PCM. The proposed method is more accurate than the currently known diagnostic methods, which is particularly relevant for a neglected tropical mycosis such as paracoccidioidomycosis.

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Using infrared spectroscopy of serum and chemometrics for diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Antibody Titer Prediction from Serum Immunodiffusion Test of Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis Using Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

Antibody Titer Prediction from Serum Immunodiffusion Test of Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis Using Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis and Paracoccidioidomycosis

Rapid Classification of Serum from Patients with Paracoccidioidomycosis Using Infrared Spectroscopy, Univariate Statistics, and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA)

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