Using Intervention Mapping to Develop a Media Literacy-Based Smoking Prevention Program for Female Adolescents

Abstract

Smoking prevalence among female adolescents in South Korea has increased gradually, despite a decreasing trend seen for male adolescents. Smoking scenes or cigarette advertisements in the media have influenced female adolescents’ initiation into smoking. It is therefore crucial to develop a smoking prevention program to enhance female adolescents’ smoking media literacy by implementing gender-specific interventions. The purpose of this study is to describe how intervention mapping protocol (IMP) was used to develop a media literacy-based smoking prevention program (MLSP) for female adolescents. The IMP was used in six steps: needs assessment (literature review and focus groups comprising 24 female adolescents and 12 teachers), program goal setting, selection of intervention methods, production of program components and materials, program implementation planning, and program evaluation by ten experts and three adolescents. Six performance objectives and 14 change objectives were generated. Each module consisted of theory-based methods such as raising consciousness. Half of the modules covered topics regarding smoking media literacy, while half covered topics related to gender-specific intervention. The major advantages of utilizing IMP are that MLSP has been developed to reflect multiple perspectives, including of adolescents, teachers, and professors through a systematic process, and identified to be acceptable and valid.

Effectiveness of a media literacy‐based smoking prevention program in female adolescents

“…The MLSP was developed using intervention mapping, a systematic process for creating health promotion programs capable of inducing changes in health behavior (Bartholomew et al, 2016;Kim, 2021a).…”

Gender differences in social environmental changes associated with smoking: a cross-sectional study from Chinese internal migrants

“…Although no evidence yet supports the obvious changing tendencies of smoking prevalence among women nationwide, recent years have witnessed a rising trend of smoking among female adolescents24; in addition, smoking prevalence was relatively high in some subpopulations in China, such as female workers in public places25 and female migrants 26. Similar movements were observed among the Iranian and Korean female population 27 28. Meanwhile, in China, social environmental risk factors for women’s smoking have increased in recent years, such as economic independence, social acceptance of women’s smoking and women’s empowerment 26 29 30.…”

Development of an Online-Coaching Blended Couple-Oriented Intervention for Preventing Depression in Middle Adulthood: An Intervention Mapping Study

“…This study describes the development of an online-coaching blended couple-oriented intervention using an online program and coaching for middle-aged couples' depression by applying intervention mapping (IM). The systematic planning protocol of IM has been widely used by many researchers to develop mental health programs ( 17 ), such as art therapy programs for patients with personality disorders ( 18 ), media smoking prevention programs for female high school students ( 19 ), and mental health education programs for pharmacy staff ( 20 ). However, to date, there have been few interventions applying the IM protocol to develop tailored interventions for middle-aged couples' depression.…”