Using iPad tablets for self-modeling with preschoolers: Videos versus photos

Abstract

As technology becomes more accessible and acceptable in the preschool setting, teachers need effective strategies of incorporating it to address challenging behaviors. A nonconcurrent delayed multiple baseline design in combination with an alternating treatment design was utilized to investigate the effects of using iPad tablets to display video self-modeling and activity photos for three preschoolers during circle time. During baseline, all three children demonstrated low levels of engagement and high levels of off-task behavior compared to peers. The intervention phase consisted of alternating between showing the child the self-video and photos prior to circle time. A child preference phase was conducted whereby each child self-selected the video or photo prior to circle time. For all three children both videos and photos led to increased engagement and decreased off-task behaviors. During the child preference phase, all three children selected the video most frequently. Social validity data demonstrated teacher and child preference for the video self-modeling condition. K E Y W O R D Sactivity photos, engagement, iPad tablet, off-task, preschool, video self-modeling

Technology‐based self‐monitoring system for on‐task behavior of students with disabilities: A quantitative meta‐analysis of single‐subject research

“…First, regardless of the applications or programs used with mobile technology, the interventions in the selected studies showed positive results overall. Whether the interventions used either specific self‐monitoring application (e.g., Romans et al, 2020; Rosenbloom et al, 2019) or used mobile technology to encourage students to self‐regulate their behaviors (e.g., McCoy et al, 2017), it seems reasonable to conclude that the interventions allowed the students to acknowledge and self‐assess their own behaviors. Second, the portability of mobile technology (e.g., iPad, iPod, or a handheld computer in early 2000s) made it possible for students to use the technology frequently.…”

Incorporating Technology into Instruction in Early Childhood Classrooms: a Systematic Review

“…One study reported including students “at risk” for mathematics difficulty (Desoete & Praet, 2013 ). Finally, five studies reported that they did not include students with disabilities (Dennis et al, 2016 ; Maureen et al, 2018 ; McCoy et al, 2017 ; Oades-Sese et al, 2021 ; Simsek & Isikoglu Erdogan, 2021 ).…”

“…One study showed varying results across control and intervention groups, meaning that one group performed higher on certain skills than the other and vice-versa (Elimelech & Aram, 2020 ). For the included studies that employed a single-case research design, the results were mixed as well with most studies reporting an increase in target academic skills (Boyle et al, 2021 ; Chai, 2017 ; Musti-Rao et al, 2015 ), programming skills (Taylor, 2018 ), and engagement (McCoy et al, 2017 ) or social skills (Dueñas et al, 2021 ; Jung & Sainato, 2015 ; Pellegrino et al, 2020 ), while a few reported no clear, functional relation between the intervention and dependent variable (Cardon et al, 2019 ; Dennis et al, 2016 ).…”

Social Validity Assessment in Behavior Interventions for Young Children: A Systematic Review

“…Across studies, 48.0% ( n = 12) used a self-developed questionnaire, 12.0% ( n = 3) used a self-developed questionnaire with open-ended questions, 12.0% used a questionnaire with author modification of validated scale, 24.0% ( n = 6) used a questionnaire with validated scale, and 4.0% ( n = 1) used only open-ended questions without rating scale items (Brock & Beaman-Diglia, 2018). Six studies (21.4%) conducted an interview (Bailey & Blair, 2015; Blair, Fox, & Lentini, 2010; Fettig, Barton, Carter, & Eisenhower, 2016; Hancock, Kaiser, & Delaney, 2002; McCoy, Morrison, Barnett, Kalra, & Donovan, 2017; Park & Scott, 2009). Some researchers used objective measures such as: masked ratings (using videos with masked observers) or a normative comparison.…”